Nghiên cứu chất lượng nước mặt khu vực thượng nguồn lưu vực sông Ba tại tỉnh Gia Lai=Studying Surface Water Quality in the Upstream of Ba River Basin in Gia Lai Province

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Tác giả: Thị Thu Hà Phạm

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Khoa học Trái đất và Môi trường, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.20-30

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 474331

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Nghiên cứu này sử dụng hai bộ dữ liệu để đánh giá chất lượng nước mặt khu vực thượng nguồn lưu vực sông (LVS) Ba tại tỉnh Gia Lai năm 2022. Bộ dữ liệu thứ nhất được thu thập bao gồm 6 đợt quan trắc vào các tháng 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12 năm 2022 với 22 mẫu nước mặt mỗi đợt tại 22 điểm trên địa bàn tỉnh Gia Lai. Bộ dữ liệu thứ hai được thực hiện quan trắc bổ sung tập trung vào các điểm thuộc LVS Ba tại tỉnh Gia Lai, bao gồm 38 điểm quan trắc: 28 điểm trên sông Ba và 10 điểm trên 4 sông là các nhánh sông chính thuộc LVS Ba, mỗi điểm lấy 10 mẫu trong khoảng thời gian từ 4/4/2022 - 2/5/2022. Kết quả xử lý bộ dữ liệu thứ nhất cho thấy có 4/22 điểm cần lưu ý đặc biệt do có chất lượng nước ở mức kém đến mức ô nhiễm rất nặng, đó là: vào mùa khô có 3 điểm N1 (Khu công nghiệp Trà Đa, thành phố Pleiku), N17 (tiếp nhận nước thải Cụm công nghiệp Chư Sê), và N23 (thị trấn Phú Túc, Krông Pa)
vào mùa mưa đợt tháng 7 có 1 điểm N11 (Cầu Yang Trung, huyện Kông Chro) bị ô nhiễm rất nặng với WQI = 8. Kết quả xử lý bộ dữ liệu quan trắc thứ hai cho thấy chất lượng nước sông Ba có xu hướng kém dần xuôi theo dòng chảy, có 3 điểm quan trắc đầu nguồn sông Ba chất lượng nước đạt mức C_chất lượng nước xấu là NN_Song Ba_1, NN_Song Ba_2, NN_Song Ba_3. Các điểm còn lại đạt mức D_chất lượng nước rất xấu. Các vị trí hiện đang có chất lượng nước kém này cần có những biện pháp thích hợp để cải thiện chất lượng nước. Kết quả nghiên cứu này sẽ là cơ sở cho việc xây dựng kế hoạch quản lý chất lượng nước mặt tại tỉnh Gia Lai và quy hoạch LVS Ba.This study used two data sets to evaluate the surface water quality in the upstream of Ba River basin in Gia Lai Province in 2022. The first collected data set included six monitoring periods in April, May, July, September, November, and December in 2022 with 22 surface water samples each time at 22 points in Gia Lai. The second data set was monitored additionally, focused on the monitoring points in the Ba River basin in Gia Lai, including 38 monitoring points: 28 points on the Ba River and 10 points on 4 major river tributaries in the Ba River basin, with 10 samples for each point during the period from April 4th, 2022 to May 2nd, 2022. Results from processing the first data set showed that there were 4/22 points having water quality at the level from poor to very heavily polluted needing special attention, including: 3 points measured in the dry season (N1 - Tra Da Industrial Park, Pleiku City, N17 - receiving wastewater from Chu Se Industrial Park, and N23 - Phu Tuc town, Krong Pa) and 1 point measured in the rainy season in July (N11 -Yang Trung Bridge, Kong Chro district) where the water quality was heavily polluted with WQI = 8. Results from processing the second data set showed that the water quality of the Ba River tended to gradually degrade along the flow. There are 3 monitoring points in the upstream of Ba River with the water quality reaching level C (bad water quality): NN_Song Ba_1, NN_Song Ba_2, and NN_Song Ba_3. The remaining points reached level D (very poor water quality). These locations with poor water qualities need appropriate measures to improve water quality. This research results will be the basis for developing a surface water quality management plan in Gia Lai province and Ba River basin.

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