Ứng dụng phương pháp phân tích thành phần chính trong đánh giá đặc điểm thủy địa hóa nước karst tại Bắc Kạn và Cao Bằng=Application of Principal Component Analysis in Determining the Hydrogeochemistry Characteristics of Karst Water in Bac Kan and Cao Ba

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Tác giả: Phú Hưng Văn

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Khoa học Trái đất và Môi trường, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.64-76

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 474363

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Nghiên cứu nguồn gốc và các quá trình ảnh hưởng tới đặc điểm thủy địa hóa nước karst sẽ cung cấp thông tin hữu ích phục vụ việc quản lý và khai thác tài nguyên nước karst. Phương pháp phân tích thành phần chính (Principal Component Analysis – PCA) được áp dụng cho tập hợp dữ liệu các kết quả phân tích lý-hóa trong nước karst bao gồm nhiệt độ, pH, độ dẫn điện (EC), Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl-, HCO3-, SO42-, NO3- ở khu vực hồ Ba Bể (Bắc Kạn) và Hà Quảng, Trùng Khánh (Cao Bằng). Biểu đồ Piper xác định tướng thủy hóa chính trong nước karst là Ca2+-HCO3-. Tổ hợp 11 đặc tính lý-hóa được rút gọn thành 4 thành phần chính (PC1, PC2, PC3, PC4) dựa vào giá trị riêng lần lượt là 4,0
2,5, 1,3 và 1,2. Tổng cộng 81,53% phương sai được thể hiện theo 4 thành phần chính, trong đó PC1 (36,36%) đại diện cho tương tác giữa nước và đá, PC2 (22,88%) thể hiện cho các nguồn ô nhiễm liên quan đến các hoạt động của con người, PC3 và PC4 (22,29 %) thể hiện cho quá trình hòa tan các khoáng chất giàu magie. Tương quan trung bình-mạnh giữa các chỉ tiêu phân tích mẫu thuộc hệ tầng Mia Lé khu vực hồ Ba Bể với PC1 chỉ ra rằng thành phần hóa cơ bản của nước karst bị chi phối mạnh bởi tương tác giữa đá carbonate và nước. Quá trình này cũng xảy ra mạnh tại một số điểm khảo sát thuộc hệ tầng Bắc Sơn, Sông Hiến, phức hệ Cao Bằng. Trong khi đó, một số mẫu NK.19, NK.23, NK.25 thuộc hệ tầng Bắc Sơn và Sông Hiến thành phần lý-hóa có tương quan đồng biến ở mức trung bình với PC2 và bị ảnh hưởng bởi hoạt động nhân sinh. Kết quả nghiên cứu đã chỉ ra rằng, việc áp dụng tổ hợp phương pháp phân tích thành phần chính PCA và phân tích tương quan là công cụ hữu hiệu trong xác định đặc điểm nước karst tại khu vực.Research on the origin and processes affecting the hydrogeochemical characteristics of karst water provides useful information for the management and exploitation of karst water resources. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to the karst water physicochemical data, including temperature, pH, Electronic Conductivity (EC), Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl-, HCO3 -, SO4 2-, and NO3 - in Ba Be lake (Bac Kan province) and Ha Quang, Trung Khanh (Cao Bang province). The Piper diagram described the main type of hydrochemical facies in karst water at 24/25 survey points as Ca2+-HCO3 -. The combination of eleven physicochemical properties was reduced into four main components (PC1, PC2, PC3, PC4) based on eigenvalues of 4,0
2,5
1,3 and 1,2, respectively. A total of 81,53% of the variance was represented by four main components, in which PC1 (36,36%) represented the rock-water interaction, PC2 (22,88%) represented pollution sources related to human activities, PC3 and PC4 (22,29%) represented the dissolution of magnesium minerals. The moderate-strong correlation between parameters of the Mia Le Formation’s sample in Ba Be Lake area and PC1 indicated that the major chemical composition of karst water is strongly influenced by the interaction between carbonate rocks and water. This process also occurs intensely at some survey points in the Bac Son, Song Hien, and Cao Bang formations. Meanwhile, some samples NK.19, NK.23, NK.25 of the Bac Son and Song Hien formations had a moderate positive correlation with PC2 and are affected by human activities. Research results have shown that the combination of principal component analysis PCA and correlation analysis is an effective tool in determining karst water characteristics in the area.

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