Hiệu quả của việc phối hợp các loại phân hữu cơ đến sinh trưởng và năng suất lúa hữu cơ tại huyện Phong Điền, tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế=The effects of integrating organic fertilizers on the growth and yield of organic rice in phong dien district, thua thien hue province

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Tác giả: Văn Cường Phạm

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Nông nghiệp và Phát triển nông thôn, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.32-40

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 475907

Thêm vào giỏ

Nghiên cứu được tiến hành đánh giá ảnh hưởng của việc phối hợp các loại phân hữu cơ gồm phân hữu cơ sản xuất công nghiệp (HCCN) bao gồm: Phân hữu cơ vi sinh và phân hữu cơ sinh học với phân chuồng ủ (PCU) với tỷ lệ khác nhau đến một số đặc tính sinh lý và năng suất lúa hữu cơ tại huyện Phong Điền, tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế trong vụ đông xuân 2022 - 2023 và vụ hè thu năm 2023. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, năng suất thực thu ở công thức bón phối hợp 50% lượng đạm nguyên chất (N) từ phân HCCN + 50%N từ PCU (đạt lần lượt trong vụ đông xuân và hè thu là 61,0 tạ/ha và 56,2 tạ/ha) và công thức bón 25%N từ phân HCCN + 75%N từ PCU (đạt 60,3 tạ/ha và 57,1 tạ/ha lần lượt trong vụ đông xuân và hè thu) cao hơn ở mức ý nghĩa so với chỉ sử dụng một loại phân hữu cơ. Hai công thức phân bón này có giá trị SPAD (chỉ tiêu đánh giá hàm lượng diệp lục), chỉ số diện tích lá (LAI), khối lượng chất khô, số hạt/bông, tỉ lệ hạt chắc và khối lượng 1.000 hạt cao hơn các công thức còn lại. Lợi nhuận trong canh tác lúa hữu cơ ở hai công thức phối hợp phân này cũng cao hơn so với công thức chỉ bón phân HCCN. Như vậy, việc bón phối hợp các loại phân hữu cơ vừa góp phần tăng năng suất, tăng hiệu quả kinh tế, vừa góp phần giảm ô nhiễm môi trường do tái sử dụng có hiệu quả phế phụ phẩm trong nông nghiệp.This researched was conducted to estimate the effects of integrating industrial organic fertilizer (HCCN) including microbial organic fertilizer and biological organic fertilizer with compost - manure (PCU) at different ratios on some physiological characteristics and yield of organic rice in Phong Dien district, Thua Thien Hue province in the Winter - Spring crop of 2022 - 2023 and the Summer - Autumn crop of 2023. The results showed that the actual yield in the treatment of the combination of 50%N from HCCN with 50%N from PCU fertilizer (61.0 and 56.2 quintals/ha in Winter - Spring and Summer - Autumn seasons, respectively), and the treatment of 25%N from HCCN with 75%N from PCU (60.3 quintals and 57.1 quintals/ha in Winter - Spring and Summer - Autumn seasons, respectively) were significantly higher than other treatments. These two treatments of the combinations presented higher leaf chlorophyll content (through SPAD value), leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, number of grains per panicle, percentage of filled grains and 1000 - grain weight than the other treatments. They also showed higher profit than the treatment using 100%N from HCCN fertilizer. Thus, the application of these organic fertilizers not only contribute to improving yield and economic efficiency but also contribute to reducing environmental pollution by effectively reusing agricultural residuals.

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