Đánh giá các đặc điểm nông sinh học chính của tập đoàn lúa màu Việt Nam=Evaluation of main agronomic characteristics of vietnamese colored rice group

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Tác giả: Thị Thương Hồ

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Nông nghiệp và Phát triển nông thôn, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.45726

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 475915

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A genetic diversity study conducted on 150 colored rice landraces from various ecological zones in Vietnam revealed a rich and diverse genetic. Evaluation of 41 agronomic traits demonstrated significant variations in plant height, growth duration, 1000-grain weight and seed coat color. Specifically, 62.6% of the accessions exceeded 100 cm in height, 70% had a medium to long growth duration and 49 accessions had a 1000-grain weight greater than 30 g, with GBVN014650 recording the highest value at 37.9 g. The seed coat color exhibited a wide range, including purple (92 accessions), white (25 accessions), red (20 accessions), light brown, speckled brown (9 accessions) and brown (4 accessions). Genetic similarity analysis revealed distinct differentiation among the accessions, dividing them into two main groups. Group I comprised 62 varieties with similarity coefficients ranging from 0.39 to 0.96, with GBVN016873 and GBVN016877 showing the highest similarity (0.96). Group II included 88 accessions with similarity coefficients ranging from 0.49 to 0.89. This diversity underscores the significant potential for developing colored rice cultivars with high yield, superior quality and broad adaptability to various cultivation conditions in Vietnam. Furthermore, this study provides a valuable resource for in-depth studies on the genetic mechanisms underlying important traits.Nghiên cứu đa dạng di truyền trên 150 mẫu giống lúa màu Việt Nam cho thấy sự phong phú, đa dạng về nguồn gen. Kết quả đánh giá 41 đặc điểm nông học cho thấy, sự biến động lớn về chiều cao cây, thời gian sinh trưởng, khối lượng 1.000 hạt và màu sắc vỏ gạo. Cụ thể, 62,6% giống có chiều cao trên 100 cm, 70% giống có thời gian sinh trưởng từ trung bình đến dài ngày, 49 giống có khối lượng 1.000 hạt lớn hơn 30 g, trong đó giống GBVN014650 đạt mức cao nhất 37,9 g. Về màu sắc vỏ gạo, các giống thể hiện sự đa dạng với 92 nguồn gen có vỏ gạo màu tím, 25 nguồn gen có vỏ gạo màu trắng, 20 nguồn gen có màu đỏ, 9 nguồn gen có màu nâu nhạt, ánh nâu và 4 nguồn gen có màu nâu. Phân tích hệ số tương đồng di truyền cho thấy, sự phân hóa rõ rệt giữa các giống, chia thành hai nhóm chính. Nhóm I gồm 62 giống với hệ số tương đồng từ 0,39 - 0,96, trong đó cặp giống GBVN016873 và GBVN016877 có hệ số tương đồng cao nhất (0,96). Nhóm II gồm 88 giống với hệ số tương đồng từ 0,49 - 0,89. Kết quả nghiên cứu có ý nghĩa trong công tác chọn tạo các giống lúa màu có năng suất cao, chất lượng tốt và thích ứng rộng với các điều kiện canh tác khác nhau tại Việt Nam, đồng thời cung cấp nguồn gen tiềm năng cho các nghiên cứu sâu hơn về cơ chế di truyền các tính trạng quan trọng.

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