Nghiên cứu tuyển chọn giống lúa thuần chất lượng có năng suất cao và ổn định phù hợp cho canh tác lúa tại tỉnh Thanh Hóa=The research on selecting high- quality pure rice varieties with stable and high yield suitable for rice cultivation in Thanh Hoa province

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Tác giả: Bá Thông Nguyễn, Văn Giang Tống

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Nông nghiệp và Phát triển nông thôn, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.45728

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 475978

Thêm vào giỏ

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện trong 2 vụ (vụ xuân năm 2022 và vụ xuân năm 2023) tại 3 huyện: Thọ Xuân, Triệu Sơn và Quảng Xương, tỉnh Thanh Hóa. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu là xác định được 1 - 2 giống lúa thuần chất lượng có năng suất cao (≥ 65 tạ/ha), thời gian sinh trưởng ngắn, ổn định và thích nghi rộng để bổ sung vào cơ cấu giống lúa trong vụ xuân của tỉnh. Thí nghiệm gồm 10 giống, trong đó giống Hương thơm số 1 là đối chứng. Thí nghiệm được bố trí theo phương pháp khối ngẫu nhiên đầy đủ (RCBD), 3 lần nhắc lại, diện tích ô 10 m 2 (2,5 x 4,0 m), gieo mạ ngày 09/01/2022 và 09/01/2023, mật độ cấy 45 khóm/m 2 . Lượng phân bón (tính cho 1 ha): Phân hữu cơ vi sinh Sông Gianh 2.000 kg + 90 kg N + 100 kg P 2 O 5 + 80 kg K 2 O. Kết quả, đã tuyển chọn được giống lúa thuần chất lượng, năng suất cao là Thái Hương, năng suất đạt 66,64 tạ/ha và Hương Thanh 8, năng suất đạt 65,76 tạ/ha, cao hơn năng suất giống Hương thơm số 1 (Đối chứng) và các giống khác ở mức có ý nghĩa tin cậy P = 95%. Hai giống này thể hiện tính thích nghi rộng và ổn định với các điều kiện môi trường khác nhau trong vụ xuân của tỉnh Thanh Hóa, chỉ số thích nghi gần với 1 và chỉ số ổn định tiến dần tới 0 (theo thứ tự bi = 1,034, S 2 di = -0,038
bi = 1,014, S 2 di = 0,126).The study was conducted in 2 crops (Spring crops 2022 and Spring crops 2023) in 3 districts: Tho Xuan district, Trieu Son district and Quang Xuong district of Thanh Hoa province. The research objective is to identify 1 - 2 purebred rice varieties with high yield (≥ 65 quintals/ha), short growth period, stable and widely adaptable to supplement the spring rice variety structure of the province. The experiment includes 10 varieties, of which Huong thom 1 is the control. The experiments were arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD), 3 replicates, each plot was 10 square meters (2.5 m x 4.0 m), sowing on January 9, 2022 and January 9, 2023, planting density of 45 hills/square meters. Amount of fertilizer (for 1 ha): 2000 kg of Song Gianh organic fertilizer + 90 kg N + 100 kg P2O5 + 80 kg K2O. The results have selected pure rice varieties with high quality and high yield, namely Thai Huong with an average yield of 66.64 quintals/ha and Huong Thanh 8 with a yield of 65.76 quintals/ha, higher than the yield of Huong Thom 1 variety is the control and other varieties at a significant level of P = 95%. These two varieties showed wide adaptability and stability to different environmental conditions in the Spring crop of Thanh Hoa province, the adaptability index was close to 1 and the stability index gradually approached 0 (in order: bi = 1.034, S2di = -0.038
bi = 1.014, S2di = 0.126).

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