Một số đặc điểm dịch tễ và mô bệnh học ung thư phổi tại Hà nội năm 2015 - 2019=Some epidemiological and histopathological characteristics of lung cancer in Hanoi in 2015-2019

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Tác giả: Thị Vũ Huyền Lê, Thị Nga Nguyễn, Thị Thu Thủy Nguyễn, Tường Vân Phạm, Thị Thanh Hương Trần

Ngôn ngữ: vie

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Thông tin xuất bản: Y học cộng đồng, 2023

Mô tả vật lý: tr.84-89

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 477689

Thêm vào giỏ

Mô tả một số đặc điểm về dịch tễ và mô bệnh học bệnh ung thư phổi tại Hà Nội năm 2015 – 2019. Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu hồi cứu. Số liệu ghi nhận từ 30 bệnh viện tại Hà Nội theo các nguyên tắc tổ chức Ghi nhận ung thư quần thể do Viện Nghiên cứu Ung thư quốc tế (IARC) khuyến cáo 01/01/2015 đến 31/12/2019. Tổng số ghi nhận giai đoạn bệnh (n=966) và mô bệnh học (n=1351) Kết quả: Bệnh phát hiện chủ yếu ở giai đoạn muộn (71,2% giai đoạn IV và 20,3% là giai đoạn III). Tỉ lệ mắc ung thư phổi giai đoạn IV cao nhất cả khu vực nội thành và ngoại thành, tuy nhiên khu vực nội thành (74,9 %) cao hơn ngoại thành (69,0%). Từ giai đoạn 0 đến III khu vực ngoại thành cao hơn nội thành. Theo kết quả giải phẫu mô bệnh học, ung thư biểu mô tuyến có tỉ lệ cao nhất (60,5%) và ở nữ cao hơn nam (79,4% với 53,7%). Ung thư phổi loại tế bào nhỏ và biểu mô vảy chủ yếu ở nam giới (11,6% và 14,5% ) cao hơn so với nữ giới (1,1% và 5,4%). Kết luận: Ung thư phổi được phát hiện vào giai đoạn muộn nên tỷ lệ tử vong cao, do vậy cần tăng cường tầm soát, phát hiện sớm ung thư phổi trên đối tượng người có nguy cơ sẽ giúp lựa chọn biện pháp can thiệp phù hợp nhằm ức chế hoạt động tế bào và nâng cao chất lượng cuộc sống cho bệnh nhân.The study aimed to describe some epidemiological and histopathological characteristics of lung cancer in Hanoi from 2015 to 2019. Methods: Retrospective study. Data were recorded from 30 hospitals in Hanoi according to the principles of organization of population cancer registration recommended by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019. The total number of disease stages (n=966) and histopathology (n=1351) were recorded. Results: The disease was mainly detected at the late stage (71.2% were stage IV and 20.3% were stage III). The rate of stage IV lung cancer was highest in both urban and suburban areas. However, the urban area (74.9 %) was higher than the suburban area (69.0%). From stage 0 to III, the suburbs were higher than the urban area. According to histopathology results, adenocarcinoma had the highest rate (60.5%) and was higher in females than in males (79.4% vs. 53.7%). Small and squamous cell lung cancer was more common among males (11.6% and 14.5%) than in females (1.1% and 5.4%). Conclusions: Lung cancer was found late, so the mortality rate was high. Therefore, it was necessary to strengthen screening and early detection of lung cancer in people at risk to help choose appropriate interventions to inhibit cellular activities and improve the patient’s quality of life.

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