Một số yếu tố liên quan đến kiến thức, thái độ, thực hành đối với phòng và phát hiện sớm ung thư vú của phụ nữ tại tỉnh Nghệ An năm 2023=Factors associated with women’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding prevention and early detection of breast cancer in Nghe An province

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Tác giả: Quang Trung Nguyễn, Thị Tú Oanh Phạm, Thị Anh Thơ Trần

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Y học Việt Nam (Tổng hội Y học Việt Nam), 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.325-333

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 478174

Thêm vào giỏ

Nhằm tìm hiểu các yếu tố rào cản từ đó xác định giải pháp can thiệp để nâng cao kiến thức, thái độ, thực hành về dự phòng ung thư vú (UTV) tại cộng đồng. Mục tiêu: Xác định yếu tố liên quan đến kiến thức, thái độ và thực hành đối với phòng và phát hiện sớm ung thư vú ở phụ nữ tại tỉnh Nghệ An năm 2023. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang 410 phụ nữ từ 40 tuổi trở lên (hoặc 30 tuổi trong trường hợp có tiền sử gia đình mắc UTV) tại tỉnh Nghệ An năm 2023. Kết quả: Có 2 yếu tố độc lập liên quan đến kiến thức chung là trình độ học vấn (TĐHV) (OR=0,44), nơi ở (OR=1,96) và 4 yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến thái độ chung là tuổi (OR=0,48), TĐHV (OR=0,52), nghề nghiệp (OR=0,46), nơi ở (OR=1,81). Trong đó, nơi ở là yếu tố có tác động ảnh hưởng mạnh nhất tới kiến thức và thái độ của phụ nữ đối với phòng, phát hiện sớm UTV với OR lần lượt là 1,96 (1,05–3,65)
1,81 (1,19–2,75). Nghiên cứu ghi nhận có 5 đặc điểm liên quan đến thực hành tự kiểm tra vú tại nhà đúng cách là tuổi, trình độ, nghề nghiệp, nơi ở, thái độ chung về UTV với OR tương ứng là 0,42
0,18
0,24
2,51
4,75 và thái độ chung là yếu tố có khả năng cao nhất đem lại tác động tích cực tới việc nâng cao tỷ lệ thực hành tự khám vú tại nhà đúng cách với OR=4,75. Kết luận: Xây dựng chiến lược can thiệp thay đổi hành vi, đa dạng các hình thức truyền thông phù hợp với từng nhóm phụ nữ nhằm tăng khả năng phòng và phát hiện sớm UTV từ các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến kiến thức, thái độ và thực hành là cần thiết.To investigate the barriers and then identify interventional solutions to improve knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding breast cancer prevention in the community. Objectives: To determine factors associated with knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding breast cancer prevention and early detection among women in Nghe An province in the year 2023. Objects and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 410 women from 40 years old (or from 30 years old if having a family history of breast cancer) in Nghe An province in 2023. Results: There are 2 independent factors associated with general knowledge: education level (OR = 0.44), place of residence (OR = 1.96)
Four factors affecting general attitude are: age (OR = 0.48), education level (OR = 0.52), occupation (OR = 0.46), place of residence (OR = 1.81). Among them, place of residence is the factor with the strongest association with women's knowledge and attitude toward breast cancer prevention and early detection, with ORs were 1.96 (1.05 – 3.65) and 1.81 (1.19 – 2.75) respectively. The study found out 5 characteristics related to the proper practice of breast self-examination at home including age, education level, occupation, place of residence, and general attitude toward breast cancer, with their ORs were 0.42, 0.18, 0.24, 2.51, and 4.75 respectively
among them, general attitude is the factor most likely to have a positive impact on enhancing correct breast self -examination at home with OR = 4.75. Conclusions: Developing behavioral change intervention strategies and diversifying communication forms to suit each group of women in order to enhance capacity of breast cancer prevention and early detection based on factors affecting knowledge, attitudes, and practices are necessary.

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