Nghiên cứu đánh giá ảnh hưởng của độ mặn đến hiệu quả xử lý nước mặt vùng ven biển=Impacts of salinity on treatment efficiency of surface water in coastal areas

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Tác giả: Thị Thanh Huyền Đặng, Thành Đạt Phạm

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Xây dựng, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.114

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 478688

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Currently, surface water has become the main water source for domestic water supply in Vietnam. However, surface water resources in coastal areas are facing many challenges such as organic matters and the risk of saltwater intrusion due to the impacts of socioeconomic development and climate change. This article evaluates the impact of salinity on the effectiveness of surface water treatment using ultrafiltration membrane technology for domestic water supply, at laboratory and pilot scale. On a laboratory experimental system, when the input water salinity increased from 0.06% to 0.48%, the treatment efficiency decreased from 88.3% to 86.7% for turbidity and from 66.7% to 62.2% for organic matter. Research results from pilot system showed that when the average salinity increased from 0.025% to 0.125%, the efficiency of organic matter treatment reduced on average from 75.5% to 63.8%, the turbidity treatment efficiency remains unchanged. In addition, when the input water is saline with Bromine concentration at a value of 11.35 ± 1.62 mg/l, the formation of disinfection products containing Bromine such as Bromoform, Bromodichloromethane and Dibromochloromethane occurs quickly and at a higher concentration than the standards, especially when residual chlorine is high (0.8 mg/L). Therefore, it is necessary to well control the saltwater intrusion into river water sources in coastal areas when using this source for domestic water supply. Keyword: Surface water, salinity, membranes, domestic water.Hiện nay, nguồn nước mặt đã và đang trở thành nguồn nước chủ đạo phục vụ cấp nước sinh hoạt ở Việt Nam. Tuy nhiên nguồn nước mặt ở vùng ven biển lại đang đối mặt với nhiều thách thứcnhư ô nhiễm chất hữu cơ và nguy cơ xâm nhập mặn do ảnh hưởng của phát triển kinh tế xã hội và biến đổi khí hậu. Bài báo này đánh giá ảnh hưởng của độ mặn đến hiệu quả xử lý nước mặt ven biển sử dụng công nghệ màng siêu lọc phục vụ cấp nước sinh hoạt, ở quy mô phòng thí nghiệm và quy mô pilot. Với quy mô phòng thí nghiệm, khi nước đầu vào có độ mặn tăng từ 0.06% lên đến 0.48%, hiệu quả xử lý giảm từ 88.3% xuống 86.7% với độ đục và từ 66.7% xuống 62.2% với chất hữu cơ. Kết quả nghiên cứu ở mô hình hiện trường cho thấy khi độ mặn trung bình tăng từ 0.025% lên 0.125%, hiệu quả xử lý chất hữu cơ giảm trung bình từ 75.5% xuống còn 63.8%, hiệu quả xử lý độ đục không đổi. Ngoài ra, khi nước đầu vào bị nhiễm mặn với nồng độ Brom ở mức giá trị 11,35 ± 1,62 mg/l, sự hình thành các sản phẩm của quá trình khử trùng chứa Brom như Bromoform, Bromodichloromethane và Dibromochloromethane xảy ra nhanh chóng và ở nồng độ cao hơn quy chuẩn cho phép, đặc biệt khi Clo dư ở mức cao (0.8 mg/L). Do vậy, cần kiểm soát tốt sự xâm nhập mặn đối với các nguồn nước sông ở vùng ven biển khi phục vụ mục đích cấp nước cho ăn uống và sinh hoạt. Từ khoá: Nước mặt
độ mặn
màng lọc
nước sinh hoạt.

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