NGHIÊN CỨU PHƯƠNG ÁN CẢI TIẾN KẾT CẤU NHẰM GIẢM TẢI TRỌNG CƠ, NHIỆT CỦA PÍT TÔNG ĐỘNG CƠ DIESEL 10D100=STRUCTURAL IMPROVEMENT APPROACHES TO DECREASE THE MECHANICAL AND THERMAL LOADS FOR 10D100 DIESEL ENGINE PISTONS

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Tác giả: Văn Dương Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Journal of Science and Technique, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.36

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 479815

Thêm vào giỏ

During operation, the piston is subjected to high pressure and temperature due to the combustion of the air-fuel mixture, necessitating improvements in piston durability. This study focuses on a piston of the 10D100 medium-speed diesel engine. Although the piston has undergone previous improvements, its durability still requires enhancement through various methods. This article investigates approaches to improve piston durability by optimizing the piston structure and evaluating its impact on engine performance. Analysis shows that the stress and temperature at the survey modes on the piston, following the new design are significantly lower than both the initial design and the original piston. When comparing these stress and temperature outcomes against the material's mechanical properties, including temperature effects, the new piston demonstrates enhanced durability. The redesigned piston also resulted in a weight reduction from 26 kg to 22 kg. Additionally, modifying the piston structure alters the heat balance within the piston assembly, with the average temperature of the piston top surface potentially changing by up to 15°C. Reducing the piston crown temperature can increase the piston's strength and reliability
however, this also leads to increased heat loss from the combustion gases to the piston crown.Trong quá trình làm việc, pít tông phải chịu áp suất và nhiệt độ cao do quá trình đốt cháy hỗn hợp không khí - nhiên liệu, vì vậy việc nâng cao độ bền pít tông là cần thiết. Đối tượng nghiên cứu là pít tông của động cơ diesel trung tốc 10D100. Pít tông này đã được cải tiến, tuy nhiên, độ bền của pít tông vẫn cần được tiếp tục nâng cao nhờ các phương pháp khác nhau. Bài báo tập trung nghiên cứu nâng cao độ bền pít tông bằng cách cải tiến kết cấu pít tông, đồng thời đánh giá ảnh hưởng của kết cấu pít tông tới thông số công tác của động cơ. Kết quả phân tích cho thấy, ứng suất và nhiệt độ tại các điểm khảo sát trên pít tông sau khi cải tiến kết cấu thấp hơn đáng kể so với thiết kế ban đầu và pít tông nguyên bản. Từ các kết quả ứng suất và nhiệt độ thu được, đồng thời so sánh với các tính chất cơ học của vật liệu, có xét tới ảnh hưởng của nhiệt độ, nhận thấy rằng pít tông mới có độ bền tốt hơn. Sau khi cải tiến kết cấu, pít tông giảm 4 kg (từ 26 kg xuống 22 kg). Ngoài ra, khi thay đổi kết cấu pít tông sẽ thay đổi cân bằng nhiệt trong nhóm pít tông, nhiệt độ trung bình bề mặt đỉnh pít tông có thể thay đổi tới 15oC. Việc giảm nhiệt độ đỉnh pít tông có thể làm tăng sức bền và độ tin cậy của pít tông, nhưng điều này sẽ làm tăng lượng nhiệt thất thoát từ khí cháy truyền tới đỉnh pít tông.

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