Đánh giá trữ lượng nước mưa thu gom từ mái nhà cao tầng phục vụ bổ sung nhân tạo nước dưới đất cho khu vực Hoàng Mai, Hà Nội

0 Người đánh giá. Xếp hạng trung bình 0

Tác giả: Thanh Huyên Bùi, Thị Lựu Trần

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Môi trường - Chuyên đề Khoa học - Công nghệ, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.68-75

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 479817

Thêm vào giỏ

Thời gian qua, tình trạng đô thị hóa và gia tăng dân số nhanh ở khu vực Quận Hoàng Mai, Hà Nội đã tạo áp lực lên tài nguyên nước. Nhu cầu sử dụng nước tăng làm mực nước dưới đất bị suy giảm, gây sụt lún mặt đất và ngập úng đô thị. Lượng mưa diễn biến bất thường làm giảm lượng cung cấp thấm và tăng lượng chảy tràn bề mặt. Nghiên cứu này tập trung vào đánh giá trữ lượng nước mưa có thể thu gom từ mái nhà cao tầng ở khu vực quận Hoàng Mai sử dụng để bổ sung nhân tạo cho nước dưới đất bằng nước mưa. Các phương pháp nghiên cứu được áp dụng bao gồm: (i) Xác định và tính diện tích mái nhà cao tầng trong khu vực nghiên cứu bằng Google Earth
(ii) khảo sát, đo đạc thực tế để kiểm chứng kết quả tính diện tích mái nhà trên Google Earth và diện tích trống xung quanh tòa nhà
(iii) Tính toán tổng lượng mưa thu gom từ mái nhà. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, tại khu vực Hoàng Mai có 151 tòa nhà cao từ 9 tầng trở lên với tổng diện tích mái nhà là 147.544 m2, với lượng nước mưa thu gom được từ mái nhà trung bình giai đoạn 2013-2022 là 258.497m3/năm, tương đương 708m3/ngày. Ngoài ra, lượng nước mưa thu gom từ mái nhà trong trận mưa kéo dài 2 giờ trong ngày 11/5/2021 lên tới 6197 m3/2giờ. Do đó, nghiên cứu đề xuất giải pháp tiến hành thu gom nước mưa từ các mái nhà để bổ sung nhân tạo nước dưới đất bằng phương pháp ép nước giếng khoan vào tầng chứa nước Pleistocen, ngoài việc tăng trữ lượng nước dưới đất còn góp phần quan trọng vào việc giảm thiểu ngập úng đô thị và hạn chế sụt lún mặt đất.Urbanization and rapid population growth have put pressure on water resources and the environment in Hoang Mai District, Hanoi. Increased water demand leads to a decline in groundwater levels, leading to increased ground subsidence and urban flooding. The above problems are also amplified in the context of urbanization and abnormal rainfall due to reduced infiltration supply and increased surface runoff. This study focuses on evaluating the amount of rainwater that can be collected from the roofs of high-rise buildings in Hoang Mai district and used to artificial groundwater recharge. The study methods include: Identifying and calculating the roof area of high-rise buildings in the study area using Google Earth
Conducting survey and fieldsite measurements to verify the results of calculating the roof area on Google Earth
Calculating the total amount of rain collected from the roof. The results show that 151 buildings with a total roof area of 147,544 m2 can be used for collecting rainwater. The amount of rainwater collected from the roofs of 151 high-rise buildings in Hoang Mai calculated according to the average rainfall in the 2013-2022 period is 258,497m3/year, equivalent to 708m3/day. In addition, the amount of rainwater collected from the 151 roofs during a 2-hour rain on May 11, 2021 up to 6197 m3/2h. Therefore, the study proposes a solution to harvest rainwater from rooftops for artificial groundwater recharge using wells to inject rainwater down into the Pleistocene aquifer, which contributes to increasing of groundwater resource for main aquifer, reducing urban flooding and mitigating land subsidence.

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