Các nhân tố ảnh hưởng tới năng suất lao động tại các ngân hàng thương mại Việt Nam=Determinants of productivity in Vietnamese commercial banks

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Tác giả: Xuân Cao Cường Nguyễn, Thị Thúy An Trần

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Kinh tế - Luật và Ngân hàng (Tên cũ: Tạp chí Khoa học và Đào tạo Ngân hàng), 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.16-31

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 479989

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Abstract: In the context of globalization and increasingly expanding economic integration, when traditionaladvantages such as cheap human resources and raw material costs gradually disappear, to strengthencompetitiveness and sustainable development, improving labor productivity is becoming an urgent issue forthe Vietnamese economy. The banking system plays an important role, being the capital circulation circuitof the economy, however, in Vietnam currently, there is very little empirical research on labor productivityand factors affecting labor productivity within commercial banks. Therefore, the paper aims to investigatemacroeconomic determinants (institutional quality, inflation, financial development, trade openness, andfinancial openness) and microeconomic determinants (salary and ownership) of productivity in Vietnamesecommercial banks during 2014-2023. There are some main findings as follows. First, increased salaries andbonus would lead to higher productivity, especially in private-owned banks. Second, state ownership hasa negative impact on productivity in commercial banks, while higher private ownership will lead to higherproductivity in commercial banks. Third, macroeconomic determinants such as institutional quality, inflation,and financial developments positively impact bank productivity in the context of price stability . However, wefound that the relationship between institutional quality and bank productivity is different for different typesof ownership. Last, it is proved that trade openness is found to have a negative impact on bank productivity,while financial openness is a very important factor in bank productivity.Tóm tắt: Trong bối cảnh toàn cầu hóa và hội nhập kinh tế ngày càng sâu rộng,khi những ưu thế truyền thống như nguồn nhân lực giá rẻ, chi phí nguyên liệuthấp dần biến mất, để tăng cường năng lực cạnh tranh và phát triển bền vững,thì việc nâng cao năng suất lao động đang trở thành vấn đề cấp thiết đối với nềnkinh tế Việt Nam. Hệ thống ngân hàng đóng một vai trò quan trọng, là huyếtmạch lưu chuyển vốn của nền kinh tế, tuy nhiên, tại Việt Nam hiện nay có rấtít nghiên cứu thực nghiệm về năng suất lao động và các nhân tố tác động tới năng suất lao động trong phạm vi các ngân hàng thương mại. Nghiên cứu nàykhảo sát các nhân tố tác động tới năng suất lao động tại các ngân hàng thươngmại Việt Nam trong giai đoạn 2014 – 2023. Các nhân tố nghiên cứu gồm hainhóm: các nhân tố vi mô (tiền lương, loại hình sở hữu) và các nhân tố vĩ mô (chấtlượng thể chế, lạm phát, phát triển tài chính, mở cửa thương mại và mở cửa tàichính). Kết quả thực nghiệm chỉ ra: (i) Tăng tiền lương giúp thúc đẩy năng suấtlao động tại các ngân hàng thương mại, đặc biệt tại các ngân hàng có tỷ lệ sởhữu tư nhân cao hơn
(ii) Tỷ lệ sở hữu nhà nước có tác động tiêu cực tới năngsuất lao động, trong khi đó tỷ lệ sở hữu tư nhân tăng giúp thúc đẩy năng suấtlao động tại các ngân hàng
(iii) Các biến số vĩ mô như chất lượng thể chế, lạmphát và phát triển tài chính đều có tác động tích cực tới năng suất lao động,nhưng chỉ trong trường hợp lạm phát ổn định và được kiểm soát. Tác động củachất lượng thể chế tới năng suất lao động lớn hơn tại các ngân hàng có tỷ lệ sởhữu tư nhân chi phối
(iv) Mở cửa thương mại tác động tiêu cực tới năng suấtlao động nhưng mở cửa tài chính lại thúc đẩy năng suất lao động tại các ngânhàng thương mại Việt Nam

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