Tình trạng dinh dưỡng bệnh nhân qua khảo sát nhân ngày dinh dưỡng thế giới tại Bệnh viện Quân y 103 năm 2020=Nutritional status of inpatients through a survey on World Nutrition Dayat Military Hospital 103 in 2020

0 Người đánh giá. Xếp hạng trung bình 0

Tác giả: Đức Minh Phạm, Thế Hùng Vũ

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học Điều dưỡng, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.44-52

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 480085

Thêm vào giỏ

Mục tiêu:Đánh giá giá trị của các yếu tố giảm cân và giảm khẩu phần ăn với kết quả sàng lọc dinh dưỡng bằng công cụ MST (Malnutrition screening tool).Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Mô tả cắt ngang trên 466 người bệnh nội trú tại bệnh viện Quân y 103 nhân tuần lễ dinh dưỡng toàn cầu. Kết quả: Người bệnh khối nội người lớn, tỷ lệ có bệnh lý kèm theo cao, điểm sàng lọc dinh dưỡng MST cao hơn khối ngoại. Tình trạng giảm khẩu phần ăn của người bệnh khối nội rõ hơn khối ngoại, tỷ lệ giảm cân cũng cao hơn. Tỷ lệ suy dinh dưỡng chung của bệnh viện theo BMI là 18,5%, trong đó khối ngoại cao hơn khối nội (p >
0,05). Ngược lại, tỷ lệ suy dinh dưỡng chung MST là 34,1%, trong đó khối ngoại thấp hơn khối nội (p <
0,05). Một số yếu tố liên quan với nguy cơ suy dinh dưỡng gồm: sụt cân 2 tuần qua (OR = 4,87
p <
0,001)
Khẩu phần ăn tuần trước giảm trên một nửa (OR = 4,36
p <
0,001)
Giảm cân trong 3 tháng trên 5% (OR = 3,11
p <
0,01)
người bệnh có thẻ BHYT (OR = 2,8
p <
0,05)
Bữa trưa giảm trên một nửa (OR = 1,94
p <
0,05). Với nguy cơ suy dinh dưỡng mức độ nặng, các yếu tố liên quan gồm: Khẩu phần ăn tuần trước giảm trên một nửa (OR = 6,4
p <
0,001)
Nghề nghiệp có thu nhập ổn định (OR = 0,35
p <
0,05).Kết luận: Tỷ lệ suy dinh dưỡng chung của người bệnh nội trú theo MST là 34,1%, trong đó khối ngoại có tỷ lệ thấp hơn khối nội. Các triệu chứng có giá trị với nguy cơ suy dinh dưỡng của người bệnh theo thứ tự từ cao xuống thấp là sụt cân 2 tuần qua, khẩu phần ăn tuần trước giảm trên một nửa, giảm cân trong 3 tháng trên 5%, bữa trưa giảm trên một nửa. Các câu hỏi của hoạt động ngày dinh dưỡng thế giới có giá trị cao trong phát hiện nguy cơ suy dinh dưỡng của bệnh nhân.Objective: Evaluate the value of weight loss and diet reduction factors with nutritional screening results using the MST (Malnutrition screening tool). Method: Cross-sectional description of malnutrition risk in 466 inpatients at a tertiary teaching hospital of a Vietnam military medical university on the occasion of global nutrition week. Results: Medical ward patients are older, have higher rates of comorbidities, and MST nutritional screening scores than surgical ward ones. The reduction in dietary intake of internal patients is more obvious than that of surgical patients, and the weight loss rate is also higher. The hospital’s overall malnutrition rate according to BMI is 18.5%, of which the medical ward is higher than the surgical ward (p >
0.05). In contrast, the overall malnutrition rate was 34.1%, in which the surgical was lower than the medical population (p <
0.05). Some factors related to the risk of malnutrition include: weight loss in the past 2 weeks (OR = 4.87
p <
0.001)
Last week’s food intake decreased by more than half (OR = 4.36
p <
0.001)
Weight loss in 3 months over 5% (OR = 3.11
p <
0.01)
Patients with health insurance card (OR=2.8
p <
0.05)
Lunch reduced by more than half (OR = 1.94
p <
0.05). With the risk of severe malnutrition, related factors include: Last week’s diet decreased by more than half (OR = 6.4
p <
0.001)
Career with stable income (OR = 0.35
p <
0.05). Conclusion: The overall malnutrition rate of inpatients according to MST is 34.1%, of which the rate of outpatients is lower than that of internal patients. Symptoms that are relevant to the patient’s risk of malnutrition, in order from highest to lowest, are weight loss in the past 2 weeks, last week’s food intake reduced by more than half, weight loss in the past 3 months of more than 5%, lunch reduced by more than half. In particular, assessment the previous week’s diet is valuable in detecting the patient’s risk of severe malnutrition. Questions from World Nutrition Day activities have high value in detecting the risk of malnutrition in patients.

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