NGHIÊN CỨU SỬ DỤNG KAOLIN PHÚ THỌ LÀM PHỤ GIA CHẾ TẠO PHÂN BÓN UREA-KAOLIN NHẢ CHẬM=RESEARCH ON USING PHU THO KAOLINITE AS AN ADDITIVE FOR MANUFACTURING UREA-KAOLINITE SLOW-RELEASE FERTILIZER

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Tác giả: Thị Nhàn Chu, Quốc Toàn Trần

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ - Đại học Thái Nguyên, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.196 - 204

Bộ sưu tập: Báo, Tạp chí

ID: 480384

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Currently, urea fertilizer used in agriculture accounts for about 55% of the total fertilizer in the world but most of it is lost due to evaporation and leaching, causing environmental pollution. Using slow-release fertilizers is a modern effective solution to protect the environment as well as to improve nutrient use efficiency. In this study, an urea slow-release fertilizer was manufactured using a mechanochemical method, using Phu Tho, Vietnam kaolinite as a binding and nutrient carrier additive. The results of IR, XRD, EDX, and TGA analysis show that the mechanochemical process helped urea molecules incorporate into the structure of kaolinite. The presence of kaolinite in the product increased the durability of fertilizer pellets and reduced the nutrient release rate of urea-kaolinite fertilizer samples. The results showed that the manufactured urea-kaolin fertilizer sample containing kaolin content ≥ 60% met the slow-release fertilizer standards of the European Standardization Committee. The urea-kaolin fertilizer sample contained 60% kaolin by weight, releasing 56.32% N in water after 96 hours (at 25 OC), meeting the standards for slow-release fertilizers. The results of this research are the basis for manufacturing and applying slow-release fertilizers in agricultural production using environmentally friendly kaolinite additives, available in Vietnam.Hiện nay, phân bón urea được sử dụng trong nông nghiệp chiếm khoảng 55% tổng lượng phân bón trên thế giới nhưng phần lớn bị thất thoát do bay hơi và rửa trôi gây ô nhiễm môi trường. Sử dụng phân bón nhả chậm là giải pháp hiệu quả hiện nay để bảo vệ môi trường và nâng cao hiệu quả sử dụng dinh dưỡng. Trong nghiên cứu này, một loại phân bón urea nhả chậm được chế tạo theo phương pháp cơ hóa, sử dụng kaolin Phú Thọ, Việt Nam làm phụ gia kết dính và mang dinh dưỡng. Các kết quả phân tích IR, XRD, EDX, TGA cho thấy quá trình cơ hóa giúp các phân tử urea kết hợp vào cấu trúc của kaolin. Sự có mặt của kaolin trong vật liệu đã làm tăng độ bền viên phân bón, giảm tốc độ nhả chất dinh dưỡng của mẫu phân urea-kaolin. Kết quả cho thấy, mẫu phân urea-kaolin chế tạo chứa hàm lượng kaolin ≥ 60% đã đáp ứng tiêu chuẩn phân bón nhả chậm của Ủy ban tiêu chuẩn Châu Âu. Mẫu phân urea-kaolin chứa 60% kaolin về khối lượng, trong nước nhả khoảng 56,32% N sau 96 giờ (ở 25 oC), đáp ứng tiêu chuẩn phân bón nhả chậm. Kết quả nghiên cứu này là cơ sở để chế tạo và ứng dụng phân bón nhả chậm trong sản xuất nông nghiệp sử dụng phụ gia kaolin thân thiện với môi trường, sẵn có ở Việt Nam.

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