Nghiên cứu tiếp cận các giải pháp khoa học công nghệ thu nhận, biến đổi, truyền năng lượng mặt trời ở dạng tia vi ba từ vũ trụ từ về trái đất / Nghiên cứu tiếp cận quản lý cầu nước sinh hoạt thông qua định giá

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Tác giả: Thị Thu Hòa Bùi, Văn Nghị Đặng, Khắc An Đào, Xuân Chung Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: vie; Vie

Ký hiệu phân loại: 620551.48 Engineering and allied operations

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí khoa học và công nghệ, Tạp chí Khoa học Kỹ thuật Thủy lợi và Môi trường , 20112020

Mô tả vật lý: 57-78, 95-110

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 480614

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Recently the problem of sustainable energy is very interested in the World. There are many energy sources have been exploiting and using such as energy from the coal, petroleum, nuclear, renewable energy..., But each kind of energy source has own problems and its amount is also very limited. Since many years ago, scientists and technologists have concentrated to find tht: solutions for exploiting and using infinite solar energy from the space, especially since 1973 the problem has been studying more and more intensively. The Governments of several developed countries have been investing several tens of billions USD for the research activities expecting to get sustainable energy for mankind in near future and for some other purposes. This review paper outlines briefly some high integrated scientific technological solutions of receiving solar energy, converting to microwave beams, transmitting to the Earth's surface then converting again in form of DC voltage to the users. Some difficult problems, challenges and development trends are outlined and discussed. The paper consists of eight sections, which focus on 11 scientific technological solutions of energy receiving, converting, wireless transmitting in the form of high power microwave beam from the Space to the Earth's surface and giving using place. These solutions are: - Structure and operation principle of SPS, - Common model of a typical SPS, - Matrix of microwave devices converts DC into high power microwave, - Choice of transmitting frequency, - Matrix of transmitting antennas, - Choice of orbit for SPS, - Effect of the environment and the atmosphere on microwave signal attenuation, - Problem of transmitting microwave energy from satellite to the Earth' surface - Receiving antenna system of high power microwave beam, - Converting microwave to DC or AC and connecting with the national electric system, - Total efficiency of a SPS system. In addition to this, we also outline SPS projects in the world, challenges, development trend, SPS research situation in Vietnam and give recommendation to the government in order to ensure energy security.Nước sinh hoạt là một trong những nhu cầu thiết yếu, ảnh hưởng trực tiếp đến sức khỏe thậm chí tính mạng của con người, vì vậy trong số các mục đích sử dụng, cung cấp nước sinh hoạt luôn được ưu tiên hàng đầu. Tuy nhiên, với tốc độ gia tăng dân số, phát triển kinh tế và đô thị hóa hiện nay ngày càng tạo áp lực đối với cung cấp nước sinh hoạt, vì vậy cần có nhận thức rõ hơn về giá trị nước sinh hoạt cũng như ứng dụng cách tiếp mới trong quy hoạch và quản lý tài nguyên nước hiệu quả. Tiếp cận quản lý cầu thông qua công cụ kinh tế là định giá nước đang là một trong những tiếp cận được nhiều quốc gia thực hiện, đó là tiếp cận hướng đến trực tiếp người tiêu dùng nhằm thay đổi hành vi và nhận thức của người tiêu dùng đối với hàng hóa và dịch vụ liên quan đến tài nguyên nước. Trong bài viết này tác giả muốn đề cập đến cơ sở khoa học trong quản lý nước sinh hoạt thông qua các phương pháp định giá, cũng như đánh giá thực trạng vấn đề này về quản lý nước sinh hoạt trong điều kiện Việt Nam.

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