The formation and development of high school libraries is closely linked to the development of education in Vietnam. Using the method of synthesizing and analyzing documents, the author generalizes the transformation process of Vietnamese libraries after Doi Moi (1986) from overcoming difficulties in the early years of unification to consolidating, developing, innovating, expansion, integration and strong digital transformation. From there, the author affirms the role of high school libraries in educating and training students in the new era.