Vocabulary knowledge is a fundamental component of language learning, especially for English language learners (ELLs). Effective vocabulary instruction involves more than memorizing word lists
it requires understanding the intricate relationships between words. Sense relations, including synonyms, antonyms, hyponyms, and homonyms, provide a framework that helps learners deepen their understanding of vocabulary and use it effectively. This article explores how sense relations can be integrated into vocabulary teaching to enhance learners’ comprehension and expression.