Xu hướng phát triển Thành phố carbon thấp - Vai trò của Quy hoạch đô thị=Low carbon City development trends

Xu hướng phát triển Thành phố carbon thấp - Vai trò của Quy hoạch đô thị=Low carbon City development trends - The role of Urban planning

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Tác giả: Thị Hương Giang Hoàng, Quỳnh Chi Lê

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Xây dựng, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.70

Bộ sưu tập: Báo, Tạp chí

ID: 481172

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Humanity has been facing extraordinary risks and challenges related to climate change, such as extreme weather events, sea level rise, water stress, desertification, biodiversity loss, and conflicts over limited resources (Abubakar and Aina 2016
De Jong et al. 2015). The leading cause of climate change is anthropological expansion of greenhouse gases (GHGs), including carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide, and methane, in the atmosphere. About 70% of global CO2 emission is associated with urban areas because they cluster socioeconomic activities that generate climate change-related emissions (Hoornweg et al. 2011)
Low carbon city is a sustainable urbanization approach that centers on curtailing the anthropogenic carbon footprint of cities by means of minimizing or abolishing the utilization of energy sourced from fossil fuels. It combines the features of low carbon society and low carbon economy while supporting partnerships among governments, private sectors, and civil societies. In addition, to achieve climate goals, urban planning also plays an important role in changing the carbon footprint of urban residents through the concept of urban structure, urban design, spatial orientation, land use and infrastructure planning as well as urban design. The article focuses on clarifying the definition of Low Carbon City, its origin, nature and distinction from equivalent concepts. At the same time, point out the role and principles of urban planning in building lowcarbon cities, referencing the experiences of some countries around the world. Keywords: Low carbon city
Urban Planning
Sustainable DevelopmentNhân loại đang phải đối mặt với những rủi ro và thách thức đặc biệt liên quan đến biến đổi khí hậu, chẳng hạn như các hiện tượng thời tiết cực đoan, mực nước biển dâng, nguồn nước, sa mạc hóa, mất đa dạng sinh học và xung đột về nguồn tài nguyên hạn chế. Nguyên nhân hàng đầu của biến đổi khí hậu là sự gia tăng các loại khí nhà kính (GHG), bao gồm carbon dioxide (CO2), oxit nitơ và khí mê-tan trong khí quyển. Khoảng 70% lượng phát thải CO2 toàn cầu có liên quan đến các khu vực thành thị vì chúng tập hợp các hoạt động kinh tế xã hội tạo ra lượng khí thải liên quan đến biến đổi khí hậu
dự báo cho thấy 68% dân số toàn cầu sẽ cư trú ở khu vực thành thị vào năm 2050 (UN 2018). Như vậy, các thành phố là nơi cần tập trung cho mọi nỗ lực chống biến đổi khí hậu và đạt được sự phát triển bền vững. [1] Thành phố carbon thấp là một cách tiếp cận đô thị hóa bền vững, tập trung vào việc giảm thiểu lượng khí thải carbon do con người tạo ra trong các thành phố bằng cách giảm thiểu hoặc bãi bỏ việc sử dụng năng lượng có nguồn gốc từ nhiên liệu hóa thạch. Kết hợp các đặc điểm của xã hội carbon thấp và nền kinh tế carbon thấp đồng thời hỗ trợ quan hệ đối tác giữa các chính phủ, khu vực tư nhân và xã hội dân sự. [1] Bên cạnh việc áp dụng các chính sách nhằm đạt được các mục tiêu về khí hậu, công tác quy hoạch đô thị cũng đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc thay đổi dấu chân carbon của cư dân trong đô thị thông qua lựa chọn cấu trúc đô thị, định hướng không gian, sử dụng đất và quy hoạch hệ thống hạ tầng cơ sở cùng như thiết kế đô thị. Bài viết tập trung làm rõ khái niệm về Thành phố carbon thấp, nguồn gốc ra đời, bản chất và phân biệt với các khái niệm tương đương. Đồng thời, chỉ ra vai trò và các nguyên tắc của quy hoạch đô thị trong việc xây dựng Thành phố carbon thấp, tham khảo kinh nghiệm của một số quốc gia trên thế giới. Từ khóa: Thành phố carbon thấp
quy hoạch đô thị
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