Cơ chế mua bán điện mặt trời và điện gió trong thị trường điện cạnh tranh tại Việt Nam=Trading mechanism for solar and wind power in the competitive electricity market in Vietnam

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Tác giả: Nguyễn Hoàng Long, Tâm Lê Thị Thanh, Nguyễn Thị Minh Trang

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí khoa học Đại học Mở Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh - Khoa học Xã hội, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.46-59

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 481289

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Developing renewable energy to respond to climate change and ensure energy security has become an urgent requirement on a global scale, with the most important role belonging to governments. In Vietnam, incentive mechanisms for purchasing and selling solar and wind power have been an important driving force in promoting the growth of these energy sources in the national electricity supply structure. However, rapid development in scale has come at the cost of many limitations: manufacturers’ capacity is not guaranteed, production efficiency is low, and market transparency and stability are not high. That reality requires changes in the current solar and wind power trading mechanisms. This research uses a combination of qualitative research methods, with a focus on ex-post policy analysis and positive policy analysis methods. From there, the study evaluates the limitations of the solar and wind power trading mechanism in the competitive electricity market and proposes solutions for improving it. Research results show that the current Feed-in Tariffs trading mechanism is not suitable for becoming the main long-term mechanism of the competitive electricity market
therefore, there needs to be a roadmap to replace it with the mechanism of Direct Power Purchase Agreement and competitive tendering.Phát triển năng lượng tái tạo ứng phó với biến đổi khí hậu và bảo đảm an ninh năng lượng đã trở thành yêu cầu cấp thiết trên toàn cầu, với chính phủ là chủ thể có vai trò hàng đầu. Tại Việt Nam, các chính sách khuyến khích mua bán điện mặt trời và điện gió đã là thúc đẩy sự tăng trưởng các nguồn năng lượng này trong cơ cấu cung điện quốc gia. Tuy vậy, sự phát triển nhanh về quy mô đã phải đánh đổi bằng nhiều hạn chế: năng lực của nhà sản xuất không đảm bảo, hiệu quả sản xuất thấp, tính minh bạch và ổn định của thị trường không cao. Thực tế đó đòi hỏi các cơ chế mua bán điện mặt trời và điện gió hiện hành cần có sự thay đổi. Với mục tiêu đánh giá các hạn chế của cơ chế mua bán điện mặt trời, điện gió trong thị trường điện cạnh tranh và đề xuất những giải pháp cải thiện, nghiên cứu sử dụng kết hợp các phương pháp nghiên cứu định tính như hồi cứu, so sánh luật học, phân tích chính sách thực chứng, hậu nghiệm. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy cơ chế mua bán Feed-in Tariffs hiện nay không phù hợp để trở thành cơ chế chính trong dài hạn của thị trường điện cạnh tranh, do đó, cần có lộ trình thay thế bằng cơ chế mua bán điện trực tiếp và đấu thầu cạnh tranh.

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