The study was conducted to evaluate the possibility of improving soil and water environment of Melaleuca forests in flood areas of Mekong delta, study sites are located in Tram Chim National Park, Dong Thap. Data were collected on 50 plots of Melaleuca forests and other control vegetation. 100 soil samples and 50 water samples were analyzed in the laboratory. Comparison of accumulation of iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) at the sampling location of Mela1euca forests and control vegetation shows that: Fe content in Melaleuca forest soil is 1.71 percent lower than the paddy rice, whereas Al content is 1.68 percent higher than the paddy rice. Thus, Melaleuca can improve soil fertility and soil alum. The concentration of Al, Fe in water of Melaleuca are 0.0012 mg/l and 0.56 mg/l, respectively, lower than some surrounding vegetations. Melaleuca is capable of reducing the level of Al in acidic water, the Fe content in water is also lower than other vegetations. From the results of analysis, research has also suggested some solutions to improve soil fertility of Melaleuca in the study area. higher than the paddy rice. Thus, Melaleuca can improve soil fertility and soil alum. The concentration of Al, Fe in water of Melaleuca are 0.0012 mg/l and 0.56 mg/l, respectively, lower than some surrounding vegetations. Melaleuca is capable of reducing the level of Al in acidic water, the Fe content in water is also lower than other vegetations. From the results of analysis, research has also suggested some solutions to improve soil fertility of Melaleuca in the study area.