Thực trạng và đề xuất giải pháp phòng ngừa, ứng phó sự cố chất thải tại một số cơ sở sản xuất có nguy cơ gây ô nhiễm môi trường ở Việt Nam=Current situation and proposed solutions to prevent and respondse to waste incidents at some production facilities with the risk of causing environmental pollution in Vietnam

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Tác giả: Hoài Nam Bùi, Thị Thu Thảo Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Môi trường, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.33-39

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 481855

Thêm vào giỏ

In recent times, many waste incidents (wastewater, emissions) due to production activities have occurred in many provinces/cities. However, the prevention and response to waste incidents from production activities have not received due attention, causing impacts on the environment. Therefore, the prevention and response to waste incidents (wastewater, emissions) at production and business establishments and waste treatment facilities must be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the Law on Environmental Protection 2020. Research and assessment of the current status of prevention and response to waste incidents (wastewater, emissions) at at some of production and service establishments that are at risk of causing environmental pollution through methods: Investigation and survey methods to collect information
Analysis and synthesis methods. The research results show that out of 94,8% of establishments that discharge wastewater, 92,4% have installed a treatment system (or connect to centralized wastewater treatment system)
88/95 (92,6%) production establishments that discharge emissions and have installed an emission treatment system, of which 37/88 (42,0%) establishments have invested in and equipped additional backup emission treatment systems (or run alternately)... Up to 77,6% of establishments said they did not organize training/drills to respond to waste incidents. Based on these results, the research team proposed a number of solutions for waste prevention and UPSC such as: studying and amending Decision No. 09/2020/QD-TTg
developing and promulgating technical guidelines for waste prevention and UPSC
strengthening regular inspection and supervision and guiding facilities to comply with regulations
promoting environmental propaganda and education in the whole society...Trong thời gian gần đây, nhiều sự cố chất thải (nước thải, khí thải) do hoạt động sản xuất đã xảy ra ở nhiều tỉnh/thành phố, tuy nhiên, việc phòng ngừa, ứng phó các sự cố chất thải từ hoạt động sản xuất chưa được quan tâm đúng mức, gây ảnh hưởng đến môi trường. Do đó, công tác phòng ngừa, ứng phó sự cố (UPSC) chất thải (nước thải, khí thải) tại các cơ sở sản xuất kinh doanh, cơ sở xử lý chất thải cần được thực hiện theo đúng quy định của Luật BVMT năm 2020. Nghiên cứu đánh giá thực trạng phòng ngừa, UPSC chất thải (nước thải, khí thải) tại một số cơ sở sản xuất, kinh doanh dịch vụ có nguy cơ gây ô nhiễm môi trường thông qua các phương pháp: Điều tra, khảo sát thu thập thông tin và phân tích, tổng hợp. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, trong số 199/210 (94,8%) cơ sở có xả thải nước thải thì có tới 92,4% cơ sở có lắp đặt hệ thống xử lý (hoặc đấu nối vào hệ thống xử lý nước thải tập trung)
88/95 (92,6%) cơ sở sản xuất có xả thải khí thải và có lắp hệ thống xử lý khí thải, trong số này có 37/88 (42,0%) cơ sở có đầu tư, trang bị thêm hệ thống xử lý khí thải dự phòng (hoặc chạy luân phiên)… Dựa vào các kết quả này, nhóm nghiên cứu đề xuất một số giải pháp phòng ngừa, UPSC chất thải như: nghiên cứu sửa đổi Quyết định số 09/2020/QĐ-TTg
xây dựng và ban hành tài liệu hướng dẫn kỹ thuật phòng ngừa, UPSC chất thải
tăng cường công tác kiểm tra, giám sát thường xuyên và hướng dẫn các cơ sở thực hiện đúng quy định
đẩy mạnh công tác tuyên truyền, giáo dục về môi trường trong toàn xã hội…

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