The genus Gaultheria L. (Ericaceae Juss.) comprises approximately 135 species, distributed in SE Asia, SE Australia, North and South America, Pacific Islands. Specimens of Gaultheria longibracteolata were found in Lao Cai and Yen Bai provinces as a new record for the flora of Vietnam. Thus there are 6 species belonging to the genus Gaultheria L. recorded in Vietnam. This species differs from others known in Vietnam by having twig densely brown hispid and puberulous, flowers numerous, calyx lobes oblong, corolla urceolate.