Phân vùng quản lý môi trường góp phần giảm thiểu nguy cơ ngập tại Cần Thơ: Thực trạng và bài học kinh nghiệm từ một số đô thị trên thế giới=Environmental management zone to reduce flood risks in Can Tho: Current situation and lessons learned from some cities in the world

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Tác giả: Vân Trang Lê, Thị Minh Lành Phạm, Nhựt Duy Phan

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Xây dựng, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.137

Bộ sưu tập: Báo, Tạp chí

ID: 482913

Thêm vào giỏ

Can Tho and many cities worldwide have been facing flood hazards as the consequences of urbanisation and climate change impacts have emerged. Based on the traditional resistant approach, local governments have to deal with flood effects by development of protection systems, which have been established and constructed over many stages with the investment projects in urban infrastructure structures including dikes, embankments, tidal sluices... Although these solutions have partly helped cities overcome some problems during the short-term period with specific results, many experts concern their sustainability in terms of ability dealing with unpredictable flood factors such as increasing high tides and heavy rains. In addition, the dependence on these systems can increase the subjectivity by government and communities in potential protection as the base for potentially promoting settlement and development. This will continue to allow uncontrolled expansion of urban areas despite risks of damages and losses to people and their properties. Therefore, this paper, with the case studies of some cities for practical lessons learned, will be useful for potential analysis and recommendations for Can Tho, in relation to environmental management zoning for flood risk. This can become a sustainable strategy of expanding and developing urban space in long-term sustainable development, and help the city have more effective investments (potential saving costs) in flood protection systems in the future. Key words: Flood hazards
flood protection system
management of environmental zones.Cần Thơ cùng nhiều đô thị khác tại Việt Nam và trên thế giới đã và đang đối mặt với thực trạng ngập lụt liên quan đến hệ quả của quá trình đô thị hóa và biến đổi khí hậu diễn ra ngày càng phức tạp. Dựa trên cách tiếp cận chống ngập truyền thống, các chính quyền đô thị đã và đang tìm các chiến lược, quy hoạch và giải pháp khắc phục trong đó có đầu tư và phát triển hệ thống bảo vệ - các công trình chống ngập qua nhiều giai đoạn thông qua các dự án đầu tư xây dựng các công trình hạ tầng kỹ thuật như đê bao, bờ kè, cống ngăn triều... Những giải pháp này mặc dù đã phần nào giúp khắc phục một số vấn đề trong giai đoạn ngắn hạn với những kết quả cụ thể, nhưng được nhiều chuyên gia đánh giá thiếu tính bền vững về năng lực ứng phó trước những biến động khó lường của các yếu tố có liên quan đến ngập như triều cường, mưa lớn bất thường. Thêm vào đó, sự phụ thuộc vào các hệ thống này có thể làm tăng tính chủ quan - thiếu cẩn trọng của chính quyền địa phương và cộng đồng trước những diễn biến bất lợi của môi trường tự nhiên, từ đó phát triển định cư và mở rộng diện tích đô thị bất chấp những rủi ro thiên tai gây ra nhiều hệ quả, thiệt hại về con người và tài sản. Do đó, bài viết này thông qua một số trường hợp nghiên cứu được tổng hợp nhằm phân tích một số bài học kinh nghiêm từ thực tiễn từ một số đô thị trên thế giới, từ đó đưa ra một số khuyến nghị cho Cần Thơ và nhiều đô thị khác liên quan đến phân vùng quản lý môi trường và nguy cơ ngập phù hợp với chiến lược mở rộng và phát triển không gian đô thị, từ đó có sự cân đối mức độ đầu tư hợp lý, chú trọng tính hiệu quả của hệ thống bảo vệ và chống ngập cho đô thị trong tương lai. Từ khóa: Hiểm họa ngập
hệ thống bảo chống ngập
rủi ro thiên tai.

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