The Northem Mountainous Region is characterized by a high density of ethnic minorities, topographical ruggedness and high poverty rate. A number of poverty reduction programs/projects was implemented with specific activities. However, the assistances are not the universal key for poverty reduction that requires, more than anything else, the efforts of communities. In the present paper analyses the current status and points out factors affecting the participation of ethnic communities in poverty reductions activities. Measures to be taken are proposed including revision of policies, renewing the ways of community mobilization, better information exchanges and human capacity building for ethnic minority's staff in order to better mobilizing the participation of communities in poverty reduction efforts.