ĐÁNH GIÁ KHẢ NĂNG CHỊU TẢI KHU VỰC KHU BẢO TỒN BIỂN HÒN CAU

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Tác giả: Trung Tín Huỳnh, Hữu Quang Lê, Thanh Hải Lê, Thị Mỹ Hạnh Nguyễn, Vũ Bình Thái, Minh Lộc Trần

Ngôn ngữ: vie

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học Đại học Công Thương (Tên cũ: Tạp chí Khoa học Công nghệ và Thực phẩm), 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.118

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 483778

Thêm vào giỏ

Nghiên cứu nhằm mục tiêu đánh giá khả năng chịu tải nguồn nước khu vực Khu bảo tồn biển Hòn Cau (KBTB) và dự báo đến năm 2030 trong mối quan hệ với công suất hoạt động, hiệu quả xử lý nước thải của nhà máy nhiệt điện Vĩnh Tân trước khi thải ra môi trường và các hoạt động phát triển kinh tế xã hội như nuôi trồng thủy sản, chế biến thủy sản, chăn nuôi, du lịch, sinh hoạt từ khu dân cư,… Nhóm tác giả đã ứng dụng mô hình thủy động lực học (MIKE21/3 HD) để xác định trường dòng chảy và trường độ sâu cột nước
đồng thời kết hợp Module sinh thái (MIKE Ecolab) để tính toán chất lượng nước cho khu vực cửa sông ven biển dưới tác động của con người và môi trường. Khả năng chịu tải hiện tại của khu vực KBTB Hòn Cau đang báo động và được nhận diện đến năm 2030 sẽ giảm, theo kết quả mô phỏng lan truyền chất ô nhiễm dự báo nồng độ BOD tại khu vực vịnh vào mùa mưa dao động trong khoảng 2 - 135 mg/L và 2 - 150 mg/L vào mùa khô
nồng độ DO mùa mưa dưới mức 5,6 mg/L, mùa khô: 6,5 mg/L
nồng độ NH4 mùa mưa là 12 mg/L, mùa khô: 15 mg/L, đặc biệt xung quanh khu vực Hòn Cau dao động 2 mùa khoảng 2 - 5 mg/L, vượt gấp 20 lần so với giới hạn cho phép đối với môi trường nước vùng nuôi trồng thủy sản, bảo vệ thủy sinh theo QCVN10-MT:2015/BTNMT
nồng độ NO3- dao động 2 - 3 mg/L vào 2 mùa
nồng độ PO4 dao động 1,5 - 15 mg/L, tối đa 15 mg/L tại khu vực bãi biển Cà Ná, mùa khô ở mức 1,5 - 16,5 mg/L. Việc đánh giá khả năng chịu tải KBTB Hòn Cau sẽ góp phần bảo vệ môi trường và kiểm soát ô nhiễm nguồn thải, đảm bảo chất lượng nguồn nước cho mục tiêu phát triển kinh tế xã hội và bảo tồn khu vực KBTB Hòn Cau.This study focuses on assessing the water load carrying capacity of the Hon Cau Marine Protected Area (MPA) and forecasting for 2030 the operating capacity and wastewater treatment efficiency of the thermal power plant Vinh Tan electricity before being discharged into the environment and growing socio-economic activities such as aquaculture, seafood processing, animal husbandry, sightseeing activities, festivals, and daily activities from residential areas. The authors have applied the hydrodynamic model (MIKE21/3 HD) to determine the flow field and water column depth field and incorporated the ecological module (MIKE Ecolab) to calculate water quality for coastal estuarine areas under human and environmental impacts. Hon Cau MPA area currently has an alarming water load capacity and is identified as decreasing by 2030, according to the pollutant transmission simulation. The results predicted the BOD concentration at Vinh Tan bay in the rainy season fluctuates between 2 - 135 mg/L and 2 - 150 mg/L in the dry season
DO concentration in the rainy season is below 5.6 mg/L, in the dry season: 6.5 mg/L
NH4 concentration in the rainy season is 12 mg/L, in the dry season: 15 mg/L, especially around the Hon Cau area, it fluctuates between 2 and 5 mg/L in two seasons, 20 times higher than the allowable limit with the water environment in aquaculture and aquatic conservation areas according to QCVN10-MT:2015/BTNMT
NO3 concentration fluctuates from 2 - 3 mg/L in two seasons
PO4 concentration ranges from 1.5 - 15 mg/L, up to 15 mg/L in the Ca Na beach area, in the dry season at 1.5 -1 6.5 mg/L. The assessment of Hon Cau MPA's water load carrying capacity will contribute to environmental protection and control of pollution sources, ensuring the quality of water sources for socio-economic development goals.

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