Digital agriculture, incorporating artificial intelligence, IoT, and big data, is becoming a crucial trend in Vietnam to address challenges posed by population growth and climate change. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development has devised a Digital Transformation Plan to confront these challenges, particularly significant in a nation heavily reliant on agriculture. Our research employs a multi-method approach to assess the contribution of digital agriculture to Vietnam’s economic development, focusing on private enterprises and public-private collaborations. Results demonstrate that digital agriculture has enhanced resource management and agricultural productivity. This study provides detailed insights into the current status and potential of digital agriculture in Vietnam, highlighting the roles of private enterprises and public-private partnerships in the nation’s digital transformation.