Đánh giá sự sẵn sàng thực hiện phân loại rác thải sinh hoạt tại nguồn của người dân thành phố Bắc Ninh và thành phố Cẩm Phả theo Luật Bảo vệ môi trường năm 2020=Assessing the Readiness of Residents in Bac Ninh city and Cam Pha city to Implement Household Waste Classification under the 2020 Environmental Protection Law

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Tác giả: Mai Lan Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Môi trường, 2024

Mô tả vật lý:

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 485551

Thêm vào giỏ

According to the provisions of the 2020 Environmental Protection Law, from December 31, 2024, the classification of household solid waste (HSW) will be mandatory for all individuals and households. However, it is evident that public understanding and the implementation of necessary guidelines for HSW classification remain quite limited. Therefore, the attitude and readiness of the public in adopting the provisions of the 2020 Environmental Protection Law are crucial for the effective, fair, and strict enforcement of the law. This study employs methods such as collecting secondary data, field surveys, and sociological investigations. Surveys conducted in Cam Son and Cam Dong wards (Cam Pha city, Quang Ninh province) and Kinh Bac, Ninh Xa, and Tien An wards (Bac Ninh city, Bac Ninh province) revealed that public awareness about HSW classification at the source is only up to 60%, and the actual implementation rate is much lower, not reaching 50%, especially in Bac Ninh city. The low effectiveness in classification is due to various reasons, primarily public awareness and inadequate guidance from local authorities. These challenges complicate the implementation of HSW classification and collection, as well as the enforcement of penalties for violations as stipulated in the Environmental Protection Law. Consequently, this research proposes several solutions to enhance the effectiveness of waste classification at the source, such as raising community awareness about the importance and methods of HSW classification at the source, and implementing specific measures for classification, collection, and treatment.Theo quy định của Luật BVMT năm 2020, từ ngày 31/12/2024, phân loại chất thải rắn sinh hoạt (CTRSH) là việc làm bắt buộc đối với mọi cá nhân và hộ gia đình. Tuy nhiên, thực tế cho thấy sự hiểu biết của người dân cũng như việc triển khai hướng dẫn cần thiết cho công tác phân loại CTRSH còn khá hạn chế. Do đó, thái độ và sự sẵn sàng của người dân trong việc áp dụng thực hiện các nội dung được quy định trong Luật BVMT năm 2020 rất quan trọng để Luật được triển khai hiệu quả, công bằng và nghiêm minh. Phương pháp sử dụng trong nghiên cứu gồm: Thu thập số liệu thứ cấp, khảo sát thực địa, điều tra xã hội học. Kết quả điều tra, khảo sát tại các phường Cẩm Sơn, Cẩm Đông (TP. Cẩm Phả, tỉnh Quảng Ninh) và phường Kinh Bắc, Ninh Xá, Tiền An (TP. Bắc Ninh, tỉnh Bắc Ninh) đã cho thấy mức độ hiểu biết của người dân về phân loại CTRSH tại nguồn chỉ chiếm tối đa 60%, tỷ lệ thực hiện phân loại còn thấp chưa đạt được 50%, nhất là ở TP. Bắc Ninh. Công tác thực hiện phân loại chưa cao do nhiều nguyên nhân, trong đó phần lớn do ý thức người dân và sự hướng dẫn chưa hiệu quả của chính quyền địa phương. Điều này sẽ gây khó khăn đến việc triển khai thực hiện nội dung phân loại và thu gom CTRSH, cũng như xử phạt các trường hợp vi phạm theo quy định của Luật BVMT. Do đó, nghiên cứu đã đề xuất một số giải pháp nâng cao hiệu quả phân loại rác tại nguồn như: Nâng cao nhận thức của cộng đồng về cách nhận biết và tầm quan trọng của phân loại CTRSH tại nguồn
Triển khai các biện pháp cụ thể cho công tác phân loại và thu gom.

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