Tính toán thiết kế bếp khí hóa sinh khối phục vụ cho nhu cầu dân sinh ở các vùng nông thôn và miền núi

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Tác giả: Bá Bách Đinh, Tuấn Anh Đỗ, Hà Hoàng, Văn Tỉnh Phạm, Văn Tưởng Trần

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Môi trường - Chuyên đề Khoa học - Công nghệ, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.44-51

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 485793

Thêm vào giỏ

Bếp khí hóa sinh khối (gọi tắt là bếp dân sinh - BDS) là một giải pháp hiệu quả trong việc chuyển đổi năng lượng từ các nguồn sinh khối như gỗ và phụ phẩm từ gỗ (củi, cành, lá) thành khí cháy, giúp tiết kiệm nhiên liệu và giảm thiểu khí thải độc hại, BVMT. Thông qua phương pháp tổng quan tài liệu và thực nghiệm, nghiên cứu tập trung vào việc thiết kế, tính toán hiệu suất của bếp khí hóa sinh khối nhằm phục vụ nhu cầu dân sinh ở các vùng nông thôn và miền núi. Quá trình thiết kế và chế tạo bếp được thực hiện dựa trên các công thức, thông số kỹ thuật cụ thể, bao gồm đường kính, chiều cao, thời gian tiêu thụ nhiên liệu và lưu lượng không khí. Các thử nghiệm thực tế cho thấy bếp khí hóa sinh khối đạt hiệu suất nhiệt 21,9% so với bếp truyền thống (BTT) là 16,8%, phù hợp với điều kiện sống và thói quen sử dụng của người dân. Ngoài ra, bếp được thiết kế để các phần tách rời có thể xếp chồng vào nhau, giúp giảm diện tích khi đóng gói, vận chuyển hoặc khi không sử dụng. Qua đó, góp phần phát triển và áp dụng công nghệ thân thiện với môi trường, nâng cao chất lượng cuộc sống, bảo vệ sức khỏe cộng đồngBiomass gasification stoves are an efficient solution for converting energy from biomass sources such as wood and wood by-products (firewood, branches, leaves) into combustible gas, helping to save fuel and reduce harmful emissions, thereby protecting the environment. Through literature reviews and experimental methods, this research focuses on designing and calculating the efficiency of biomass gasification stoves to meet the residential needs in rural and mountainous areas. The design and manufacturing process of the stove is carried out based on specific formulas and technical specifications, including diameter, height, fuel consumption time, and airflow rate. Practical tests show that biomass gasification stoves achieve a thermal efficiency of 21.9% compared to 16.8% for traditional stoves, suitable for the living conditions and usage habits of the people. Additionally, the stove is designed so that the detachable parts can be stacked, reducing space when packing, transporting, or when not in use. This contributes to the development and application of environmentally friendly technology, improving the quality of life and protecting public health.

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