The purpose of this study was to assess insulin resistance in patients with dementia and its related factors. Subjects were classified into two groups: the dementia group with 60 patients, diagnosed according to the DSM - IV - TR criteria and the control group with 60 subjects. Subjects were examined and subjected to neurological tests and insulinemia was measured. The results show that the risk of dementia in patients with insulin resistance, BMI or = 23, and lipid disorders is higher than that in patients without insulin resistance (OR = 2.25, 95 percent CI: 1.05 to 4.84), 8MI 23 (OR 0
p 0.05). There was a significant correlation between the increased of triglycerides, decreased of HDL - C, increased of LDL - C and dementia (p 0.05). In summary, insulin resistance and lipid disorders were associated with increased risk of dementia therefore investigation on these parameters is valuable in the early diagnosis and monitoring of dementia.