Nghiên cứu xu hướng kháng kháng sinh của vi khuẩn E.Coli trong chu kỳ sản xuất gà thịt lông màu tại một số địa phương=Study on trend of antibiotic resistance of E. coli bacteria during production cycle of colored feather chickens in some localities of Viet Nam

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Tác giả: Thị Thanh Sơn Đặng, Thị Ngọc Phạm, Thị Nhật Trần, Thị Hương Giang Trương, Thị Quý Dương Trương, Thị Kim Huệ Vũ

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học kỹ thuật Thú y, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.45

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 486954

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in animal husbandry, in general and in poultry industry, in particular is one of the high threaten problems for public health. The study was conducted to determine the level of antibiotic resistance at different times in a poultry production cycle. 60 medium scale farms (2,000-5,000 chickens/farm) of the colored feather broiler farms (30 farms in Luc Nam district, Bac Giang province and 30 farms in Ba Vi district, Ha Noi City) were selected for the study. At each farm, the research team conducted four visits at four different times in the production cycle including 7-12 days old chickens, 3040 days old chickens, 90-100 days old chickens and chickens before the last one was sold. One healthy chicken cloacal swab was collected in each visit. A total of 237 samples was collected for identifyingE. coli. The studied result showed that there were 232 E. coli strains isolated and they were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility to assess the AMR at farm level during chicken production cycle. The result of AMR evaluation showed that AMS at high level of the E. coli strains was to ampicillin, sulfonamides, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, streptomycin during a production cycle. 54 out of 232 (23.3%) of E. coli isolates were resistant to colistin. Of which, 21 isolates were co- resistant to colistin and 3rd, 4th generation cephalosporine. Furthermore, in 1 farm occurred E. coli strains that were co-resistant to colistin and 3rd and 4th generation cephalosphorine at all sampling times 1, 2, and 3. The resistance level of the 3rd generation cephalosporines and ciprofloxacin was grandually significant decreasing in different chicken ages in both study sites. Further research is needed on poultry diseases and the habit of using antibiotics to prevent and treat diseases in chickens during the production cycle to clarify and find a basis for reducing the level of resistance to these antibiotic types of E. coli strains. Since then, we continue to recommend and propagate the use of antibiotics carefully in livestock production. At the same time, continue to strengthen management measures to closely monitor the use of important antibiotic groups for preventing and treating animals.Kháng kháng sinh trong chăn nuôi gia súc nói chung và chăn nuôi gia cầm nói riêng đang là hồi chuông cảnh báo về mối đe dọa đến sức khoẻ cộng đồng. Nghiên cứu được tiến hành nhằm xác định mức độ kháng kháng sinh tại các thời điểm khác nhau trong một chu kỳ chăn nuôi gia cầm. 60 trang trại chăn nuôi gà thịt lông màu, quy mô vừa (2.000-5.000 con gà/trại) (30 trang trại tại huyện Lục Nam, tỉnh Bắc Giang và 30 trang trại tại huyện Ba Vì, Thành phố Hà Nội) đã được chúng tôi lựa chọn để tiến hành nghiên cứu. Tại mỗi trang trại, nhóm nghiên cứu đã tiến hành bốn chuyến thăm tại 4 thời điểm khác nhau trong chu kỳ chăn nuôi bao gồm giai đoạn gà 7-12 ngày tuổi, 30-40 ngày tuổi, 90-100 ngày tuổi và trước khi con cuối cùng được xuất bán. Tại mỗi chuyến thăm, 1 mẫu ổ nhớp của gà khoẻ mạnh được lấy ngẫu nhiên. Tổng số 232 chủng vi khuẩn E. coli phân lập được từ 237 mẫu đã được thu thập. Thử nghiệm tính mẫn cảm kháng sinh của các chủng E. coli được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá mức độ kháng kháng sinh của vi khuẩn ở các trang trại. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, mức độ kháng kháng sinh cao của E. coli ở các trang trại đối với ampicillin, sulfonamides, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, streptomycin trong suốt chu kỳ một vụ nuôi gà. 54 (23,3%) chủng E. coli phân lập được kháng với kháng sinh colistin. Trong đó, 21 chủng phân lập được đồng kháng với colistin và cephalosphorine thế hệ 3 và 4. Hơn thế nữa, 1 trại chăn nuôi xuất hiện chủng vi khuẩn đồng kháng với colistin và cephalosphorine thế hệ 3 và 4 tại cả 3 thời điểm lấy mẫu 1, 2 và 3. Mức độ kháng kháng sinh thuộc nhóm cephalosporin thế hệ 3, 4 và ciprofloxacin giảm dần qua các lứa tuổi gà khác nhau trên cả hai địa bàn nghiên cứu. Cần thực hiện thêm các nghiên cứu cập nhật về bệnh ở gia cầm và thói quen sử dụng kháng sinh phòng trị bệnh cho gà trong chu kỳ vụ nuôi để làm rõ và tìm ra căn cứ làm giảm mức độ kháng các loại kháng sinh này của vi khuẩn. Từ đó tiếp tục khuyến cáo, tuyên truyền việc sử dụng kháng sinh trong chăn nuôi một cách thận trọng, đồng thời tiếp tục tăng cường các biện pháp quản lý nhằm giám sát chặt chẽ việc sử dụng nhóm kháng sinh quan trọng để phòng trị bệnh cho vật nuôi.

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