NGHIÊN CỨU ĐỘNG THÁI ẨM CỦA ĐẤT TRONG KỸ THUẬT TƯỚI NHỎ GIỌT PHỤC VỤ TƯỚI TIẾT KIỆM NƯỚC HỢP LÝ CHO CÂY TRỒNG CẠN VÙNG KHAN HIẾM NƯỚC (VÙNG KHÔ HẠN)=NGHIÊN CỨU ĐỘNG THÁI ẨM CỦA ĐẤT TRONG KỸ THUẬT TƯỚI NHỎ GIỌT PHỤC VỤ TƯỚI TIẾT KIỆM NƯỚC HỢP LÝ CHO CÂY TRỒNG CẠN VÙNG KHAN HIẾM NƯỚC (VÙNG KHÔ HẠN)

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Tác giả: Trần Thái Hùng, Lê Sâm, Võ Khắc Trí

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ Thủy lợi, 2018

Mô tả vật lý: tr.110

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 488671

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During the experimental research on a suitable irrigation schedule of drip irrigation technique for Grape leaves at the water scarce region of Binh Thuan province, the author has concurrently experimented on soil moisture dynamic at two places: (1) Natural land (non crops) and (2) Cultivated one with Grape leaves in three crop seasons with 3 irrigation frequencies: 2days (CK2), 3days (CK3) and 4days (CK4). This article was presented at the Natural land. The observed results showed that: at the end of the irrigation frequency, water content of CK2 was larger than suitable min one for crops (θp), water content of CK3 (above layers) and the whole CK4 decreased lower than (θp), it sometimes approached the moisture at wilting point (θwp). The day water content decreased more greately than the evening and night ones, and the afternoon one decreased more greately than the morning one. The water content decrease was the greatest during 9:00÷15:00, the next ones were in period’s 15:00÷21:00, 3:00÷9:00 and the lowest one was in 21:00÷3:00 of the next morning. Establishing the equation system of homogeneous regression between pF and water content in each layer with all verificative results are satisfied and conformable. Therefore, based on these results, this equation system of homogeneous regression can be used to determine suitable water saving irrigation schedule following each development stage schedule for dry crops at the water scarce region (Droughty region) in the South Central part of Vietnam.Trong quá trình thực nghiệm xác định chế độ tưới hợp lý trong kỹ thuật tưới nhỏ giọt cho cây nho lấy lá tại vùng khan hiếm nước tỉnh Bình Thuận, tác giả đã khảo nghiệm động thái ẩm của đất tại đồng thời 2 vị trí: (1) Đất tự nhiên (không trồng cây) và (2) Đất trồng cây nho lấy lá trong 3 mùa vụ với 3 chu kỳ tưới: 2 ngày (CK2), 3 ngày (CK3), và 4 ngày (CK4). Bài viết này trình bày kết quả thực nghiệm tại khu vực đất tự nhiên. Kết quả quan trắc cho thấy: cuối chu kỳ tưới, độ ẩm đất CK2 vẫn lớn hơn độ ẩm tối thiểu thích hợp cho cây (θp), độ ẩm đất CK3 (các tầng phía trên) và đặc biệt là CK4 có độ ẩm giảm xuống thấp hơn giá trị độ ẩm θp, đôi khi nằm sát giá trị độ ẩm cây héo (θwp). Sự giảm độ ẩm vào ban ngày lớn hơn buổi tối và đêm, buổi chiều giảm nhiều hơn buổi sáng. Hao hụt độ ẩm thời đoạn 9÷15g có giá trị lớn nhất, kế đến là từ 15÷21g, 3÷9g và thấp nhất là từ 21÷3g sáng hôm sau. Thiết lập hệ phương trình hồi quy truyến tính giữa đường đặc trưng ẩm và độ ẩm các tầng đất với kết quả kiểm định đều đảm bảo yêu cầu và phù hợp. Do vậy, từ kết quả thí nghiệm này có thể sử dụng hệ phương trình hồi quy xác định chế độ tưới tiết kiệm nước hợp lý theo từng giai đoạn sinh trưởng, phát triển cho cây trồng cạn vùng khan hiếm nước (vùng khô hạn) Nam Trung Bộ.

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