Điều tra bệnh hại sau thu hoạch trên giống chuối tiêu hồng (musa acuminata) và chuối nam mỹ (musa paradisiaca) ở việt nam

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Tác giả: Thuý Hằng Đinh, Tiến Dũng Lại, Duy Tới Nguyễn, Thị Hải Nguyễn, Thị Hiếu Thu Nguyễn, Hồ Bảo Linh Phan

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại: 635 Garden crops (Horticulture) Vegetables

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí khoa học và công nghệ nhiệt đới, 2023

Mô tả vật lý: 15-26

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 489547

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Tóm tắt
Chủ đề

Khảo sát thực hiện trong vụ đông năm 2021 trên giống chuối Tiêu hồng (Musa acuminata) trồng ở tỉnh Phú Thọ và Hưng Yên cho thấy, bệnh nặng nhất là thối quả và đốm quả với tỷ lệ nhiễm lần lượt là 79,1% và 75,5%. Tỷ lệ nứt vỏ và thối đầu (thối xì gà) cũng được ghi nhận ở mức dưới 5,0%. Đốm trái là bệnh chính ảnh hưởng đến giống chuối Nam Mỹ (Musa paradisiaca) trong vụ xuân hè 2022 tại tỉnh Gia Lai. Trong số 24 chủng nấm và 37 chủng vi khuẩn được phân lập từ các mẫu bệnh thu thập trong quá trình điều tra và xét nghiệm khả năng gây bệnh thông qua lây nhiễm nhân tạo trên chuối khỏe mạnh chỉ có 17 chủng nấm có khả năng hình thành tổn thương trong đó có 4 chủng gây triệu chứng thối trái điển hình. bệnh. Không có một chủng vi khuẩn nào được xác định là mầm bệnh thực vật cho thấy nấm là tác nhân chính gây bệnh sau thu hoạch trên chuối. Bốn chủng nấm này được phân loại dựa trên hình thái học (thuộc địa và bào tử), phân tích so sánh trình tự ITS của gen 18S rDNA và sau đó được xác định là Corynespora torulosa B2B, Microdochium colombiense B6, Fusarium Circinatum B13F và Aspergillus niger GL2. .1. Trình tự ITS của các chủng này được gửi vào GenBank theo các mã số gia nhập lần lượt là OP855524, OP855525, OP855526 và OP855527.The survey implemented in the 2021 winter season on the Tieu hong banana cultivar (Musa acuminata) grown in Phu Tho and Hung Yen provinces showed that the most severe diseases were fruit rot and fruit spot with infection rates of 79.1% and 75.5%, respectively. Peel cracking and end rot (cigar rot) were also recorded at less than 5.0%. Fruit spot was the main disease that affected the South-American banana cultivar (Musa paradisiaca) during the 2022 spring-summer season in Gia Lai province. Of the 24 fungal and 37 bacterial strains isolated from the disease samples collected during the investigation and tested for their pathogenicity via artificial infection on healthy bananas, only 17 fungal strains showed the ability of lesion formation of which 4 strains caused typical symptoms of the fruit rot disease. There was not a single bacterial strain ascertained as phytopathogen indicating that fungi were the primary agents of post-harvest diseases on bananas. These four fungal strains were taxonomically characterized based on their morphology (colony and spore), comparative analysis of the ITS sequences of the 18S rDNA gene, and were then identified as Corynespora torulosa B2B, Microdochium colombiense B6, Fusarium circinatum B13F, and Aspergillus niger GL2.1. The ITS sequences of these strains were deposited to GenBank under the accession numbers OP855524, OP855525, OP855526, and OP855527, respectively.

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