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Tác giả: Thi Phuong Yen Dang, Van Thanh Le, Thị Ngân Lù, Chi Dung Nguyen, Ngoc Tu Nguyen, Phương Chi Nguyễn, Thị Thu Hiền Trần

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí khoa học học viện phụ nữ việt nam, Tạp chí khoa học học viện phụ nữ việt nam, Tạp chí khoa học - trường đại học vinh, 201920192019

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Cáchđâyhơn50năm,đếquốcMỹđãleothangbắnphámiềnBắcnhằmhủydiệtvà ngănchặnsựủnghộcủahậuphươnglớnđốivớitiềntuyếnmiềnNam.Khắpnơi,thanhniên namnữđồnglònglênđườngnhậpngũhoặcxinvàodâncôngđểNamtiến.Nhữngngườimẹ, ngườivợ,ngườiyêu,ngườiemmộtmặtđộngviêncon,chồng,ngườiyêu,anhtraithamgia bảovệtổquốcmộtmặtviếtđơntìnhnguyệnxinđượclàmthêmnhữngcôngviệcnặngnhọc đểngườithânyêntâmđichiếnđấu.Trướcnhiệmvụcứunước,bảovệmiềnBắc,ủnghộcách mạnggiảiphóngmiềnNam,đánhbạiâmmưucủagiặcMỹ,thểtheonguyệnvọngthathiết củahàngtriệuphụnữ,phongtrào"bađảmđang"rađờitrongbốicảnhđóvớivaitròtolớn củachủtịchHộiLHPNViệtNamNguyễnThịThập.GIỚIVÀDICƯLAOĐỘNGSANGTRUNGQUỐC Ở VÙNG( )TÂY BẮC VIỆTNAMNguyễn Phương Chi, Lù Thị NgânTóm tắt(:)Hàngnăm,córấtnhiềungườidântộcthiểusốmiềnnúiphíaBắcvượtbiênsang TrungQuốcnhằmmụcđíchtìmkiếmviệclàmtạicáctỉnh,thànhphốgiápbiêngiới.Nghiên cứu"SựdicưlaođộngsangTrungQuốccủanamgiớivàphụnữdântộcthiểusốvùngTây Bắc"đượcthựchiệntạixãLùngKhấuNhin,huyệnMườngKhương,tỉnhLàoCai.Nghiêncứu đượctiếnhànhvớisựhỗtrợtíchcựccủacánbộcộngđồngvàngườidânđịaphương.Phương phápnghiêncứubaogồmphỏngvấnbảnghỏitrựctiếp100trườnghợpvà10phỏngvấnsâu đốivớichínhquyềnđịaphươngvàngườidânthườngxuyêndicưnhằmphântíchcáckhácbiệt giớitrongtrảinghiệmdicưcủaphụnữvànamgiớidântộcthiểusố,cũngnhưphântíchcáctác độnggiớitớimốiquanhệcủanamnữvàcộngđồngcủahọ.Trảinghiệmcủadicưlaođộngđược phântíchdựatrênbốicảnhkinhtếxãhội,đặcđiểmnhânkhẩuhọc,cácyếutốlựcđẩylựchút, cáckhókhăntrởngạitrongquátrìnhdicưcủanamvànữ.Kếtquảnghiêncứuchothấy,phụnữ vànamgiớicónhữngtrảinghiệmlaođộngvượtbiênđadạngvàkhácbiệt.Trongquátrìnhdi cưlaođộng,phụnữvànamgiớichịunhiềutácđộngtiêucựckhácnhauởcáccấpđộcánhân, giađìnhvàcộngđồng,trongđónữgiớichịuảnhhưởnglớnhơn.Tuynhiên,dicưlaođộngcó mộtsốtácđộngtíchcựcnhấtđịnhtớingườidânnhưlợiíchkinhtế,việcmởrộngmạnglướixã hội.Mặtkhác,dicưcónhữngtácđộngtiêucựctớimốiquanhệgiớitronggiađìnhvàcộngđồng. Từ khóa(:)Dicưlaođộng
dântộcthiểusố
giới
dicưAbstract(:) Everyyear,thousandsofethnicminoritypeoplelivinginnorthernVietnamChina borderareasillegallytraveltoChina,toinvolvethemselvesinnon-contractmanualworks.The followingresearchwasconductedinLungKhauNhincommune,MuongKhuongdistrict,Lao Cai province, using 100 direct questionnaires and 10 in-depth interviews with migrants and localofficials.Allinterviewsweretranslatedintolocalethnicminoritylanguageswithsupport fromlocalgovernmentofficialsandlocalpeople.Thearticleexplainstheuniqueexperiencesof bothmaleandfemalemigrants,atallstagesofthemigrationprocess,anditsimpactsongender relations.Theexperiencesofrespondentswereanalyzedthroughthegeographicandeconomic backgroundsofmigrants,thepushandpullfactorsunderlyingtheirmigrations,themigration mechanism chosenand the difficulties they experienced.The research highlighted gender differences in participants' labour migration journeys. For example,surveyresultsindicatedthatmigrationhadbothpositiveandnegativegenderimpacts, inwhichmenbenefitedfrommorepositiveexperienceswhilewomensufferedfrommorenegative effectsatcommunity,familyandpersonallevels.Migrationmayhaveprovidedopportunitiesforwomenandmentoincreasetheirfamilyincome andexpandtheirsocialnetworks.Onthecontrary,migrationalsocreatedadverseimpactson genderrelationswithinfamilyunitsandaccrossthewholecommunity.Keywords(:) Labour migration
migration
ethnic minority
gender, Học viện Phụ nữ Việt NamIn this paper, we consider the mean-field Heisenberg model with deterministic external magnetic field. We prove a large deviation principle for Sn=n, with respect to the associated Gibbs measure, where Sn=n is the scaled partial, sum of spins. In particular, we obtain an explicit expression for the rate function.

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