Xử lý bùn đáy ao nuôi tôm trên địa bàn huyện bình đại, tỉnh bến tre theo hướng tái sử dụng làm nguyên liệu sản xuất phân hữu cơ

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Tác giả: Văn Ái Hoàng, Đức Trung Lê, Dương Tâm Anh Nguyễn, Văn Huy Nguyễn, Văn Tung Trà, Minh Bảo Trần

Ngôn ngữ: vie

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Thông tin xuất bản: Phát triển khoa học và công nghệ: khoa học trái đất và môi trường (đhqg tp. hồ chí minh), 2022

Mô tả vật lý: 587-594

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 489655

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In this study, bottom sludge was collected from intensive shrimp ponds and aquaculture areas in Ben Tre province. The characteristics of the sludge sample taken to have a clay-meat texture, low organic matter, nitrogen, and total phosphorus content. Sludge from intensive shrimp ponds has very high salinity and solicitation (45-78%), useful nitrogen and useful phosphorus are quite rich, and heavy metal content as in shrimp pond sludge is low, below the threshold of contaminated soil. Polluted pollutants are recovered and treated in the direction of reuse as a source of raw materials for the production of organic fertilizers by aerobic decomposition using rice straw as a filler and incubated for 52 days. The results showed that the properties of the shrimp pond bottom sludge, which changed significantly during the composting process and contained nutritional elements, reached the required concentrations for organic fertilizers applied in Agriculture. After an incubation period of 52 days, the pH varied between 6.95 and 7.04. Humidity ranges from 52.1% to 68.3%. The temperature during composting fluctuates sharply(:) from 21.50C to 43.40C. Salinity decreased from 15.24 ppm to 12.36 ppm. The C/N ratio in the initial sludge sample was 8.64 and after incubation, it decreased to 6.4 (experiment 1 TN1)
7.6 (experiment 2 - TN2). After 52 days of incubation, the compost from shrimp pond bottom sludge had an organic composition of 15.6%, total nitrogen was 2.2%, and total phosphorus was 1.8%.Trong nghiên cứu này, bùn đáy lấy từ ao nuôi tôm thâm canh, khu vực nuôi trồng thủy hải sản thuộc tỉnh Bến Tre. Đặc tính mẫu bùn được lấy có sa cấu đất sét pha thịt, hàm lượng chất hữu cơ, đạm và lân tổng số thấp. Bùn thải ao tôm thâm canh có độ mặn và độ sodic hóa rất cao (45- 78%), đạm hữu dụng và lân hữu dụng khá giàu, hàm lượng kim loại nặng như trong bùn thải ao nuôi tôm thấp, dưới ngưỡng đất bị ô nhiễm được thu hồi và xử lý theo hướng tái sử dụng làm nguồn nguyên liệu để sản xuất phân hữu cơ bằng quá trình phân hủy hiếu khí có sử dụng rơm rạ làm chất độn và được ủ trong 52 ngày. Kết quả cho thấy rằng các đặc tính của bùn đáy ao nuôi tôm, thay đổi đáng kể trong suốt quá trình ủ (composting) và chứa các yếu tố dinh dưỡng, đạt hàm lượng theo yêu cầu đối với phân bón hữu cơ ứng dụng trong nông nghiệp. Sau thời gian ủ 52 ngày, pH biến thiên trong khoảng 6,95 đến 7,04. Độ ẩm dao động trong khoảng từ 52,1% đến 68,3%. Nhiệt độ trong quá trình ủ phân dao động mạnh(:) từ 21,50C đến 43,40C. Độ mặn giảm từ 15,24 ppm xuống 12,36 ppm. Tỉ lệ C/N trong mẫu bùn ban đầu là 8,64 và sau khi ủ giảm còn 6,4 (thí nghiệm 1 TN1)
7,6 (thí nghiệm 2 - TN2). Sau 52 ngày ủ, khối phân compost từ bùn đáy ao nuôi tôm có thành phần hữu cơ là 15,6%, tổng ni-tơ là 2,2%, tổng phốt pho là 1,8%.

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