The author generalizes the concept of anthropology by K.Marx and confirms the values of its application into the process of building of Vietnamese people today. The argument focuses on three main issues: 1) The establishment of a healthy social-economic environment as the foundation for building of man, 2) the construction of social relations between man and man, creation of a social-economic environment as the condition for formation and development of Vietnamese personality today, 3) the building of Vietnamese people with inheritance from the tradition and growth, synchronic and diachronic characters based on "personality model matching with contemporary requirements.