Piezoelectricity and flexoelectricity in biological cells: the role of cell structure and organelles.

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Tác giả: Akshayveer, Roderick Melnik, Sundeep Singh, Akepogu Venkateshwarlu

Ngôn ngữ: eng

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Germany : Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology , 2025

Mô tả vật lý:

Bộ sưu tập: NCBI

ID: 495844

Living tissues experience various external forces on cells, influencing their behaviour, physiology, shape, gene expression, and destiny through interactions with their environment. Despite much research done in this area, challenges remain in our better understanding of the behaviour of the cell in response to external stimuli, including the arrangement, quantity, and shape of organelles within the cell. This study explores the electromechanical behaviour of biological cells, including organelles like microtubules, mitochondria, nuclei, and cell membranes. A two-dimensional bio-electromechanical model for two distinct cell structures has been developed to analyze the behavior of the biological cell to the external electrical and mechanical responses. The piezoelectric and flexoelectric effects have been included via multiphysics coupling for the biological cell. All the governing equations have been discretized and solved by the finite element method. It is found that the longitudinal stress is absent and only the transverse stress plays a crucial role when the mechanical load is imposed on the top side of the cell through compressive displacement. The impact of flexoelectricity is elucidated by introducing a new parameter called the maximum electric potential ratio (
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