BACKGROUND: Evidence for a relation between residential greenspace and respiratory health is scarce and controversial. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to explore the association between residential greenspace and its interaction with particulate matter (PM METHODS: A total of 3,759 adults were recruited from Wenzhou in this study. Lung function measurements included forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)
forced vital capacity (FVC)
FEV1/FVC ratio
peak expiratory flow (PEF)
forced expiratory flow (FEF) at 25 %, 50 %, and 75 %
and maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF). The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was used to characterize the greenspace. RESULTS: The mean (SD) age of study participants was 62.8(10.2) years, with 51.8 % female. NDVI was positively associated with risk of COPD (odds ratio [OR]: 1.26, 95 % CI: 1.04-1.54) and inversely with lung function: the βs (95 % CIs) for FEV1
FVC
FEV1/FVC ratio
PEF
FEF25 %, 50 %, and 75 %
and MMEF were -0.09 (-0.12, -0.06)
-0.07 (-0.10, -0.04)
-1.39 (-2.06, -0.72)
-0.66 ( -0.74, -0.57)
-0.52 (-0.61, -0.43), -0.22 (-0.28, -0.15), and -0.05 (-0.09, -0.01)
and -0.17 (-0.22, -0.12), respectively. In high PM CONCLUSIONS: High residential greenspace may be associated with increased risk of COPD and decreased lung function in adults, particularly in areas with high PM