Ảnh hưởng của chiếu xạ tia x lên các tính chất vật lí của vật liệu polyvinyl chloride

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Tác giả: Thị Lệ Đỗ, Văn Ngọc Hoàng, Thị Thanh Trân Lê, Viết Huy Lê, An Sơn Nguyễn, Thị Minh Sang Nguyễn, Thị Phúc Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại: 612.014482 Human physiology

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học - Đại học Sư phạm TP Hồ Chí Minh, 2021

Mô tả vật lý: 395-402

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 498106

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In this investigation, the MBR-1618R-BE (Hitachi, Japan) machine is used to generate X-rays. Low energy X-rays vary with energies 0.5 kGy, 1.0 kGy, 5 kGy, and 10 kGy radiation level, and time is 7.83 minutes, 15.75 minutes, 78.73 minutes, and 157.46 minutes respectively. This research investigates the effect of X-ray irradiation doses on the physico-chemical properties of PVC. PVC samples before and after irradiation are transferred in liquid form by using microwave digestion Mars 6 and then X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) to determine the structural morphological characteristics of PVC samples. XRD results show that the change of PVC polymer structure depends significantly on a radiation dose. At the diffraction peaks of angles 17.670 and 26.170, the count at the peak region decreases sharply at a low projection dose at 0.5 kGy and 1 kGy, and in this region, the structural change according to the projection dose takes the form of a linear superlative function. With higher energy from 1 kGy to 10 kGy, the effect on the PVC structure changes gradually. The study results show that the application of radiation in PVC destruction can be applied to reduce the decomposition time. It also results in less waste disposal to the environment.Trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi sử dụng máy phát tia X MBR-1618R-BE (Hitachi) phát tia X năng lượng thấp với liều chiếu 0.5 kGy, 1.0 kGy, 5 kGy và 10 kGy tương ứng thời gian chiếu 7.83 phút, 15.75 phút, 78.73 phút và 157.46 phút để khảo sát ảnh hưởng của liều chiếu xạ tia X lên tính chất hóa lí trên vật liệu PVC. Các mẫu trước và sau chiếu xạ được hóa lỏng bằng phá mẫu vi sóng Mars 6 và chụp ảnh nhiễu xạ tia X (XRD) để xác định đặc điểm hình thái cấu trúc của mẫu PVC. Kết quả chụp XRD cho thấy sự thay đổi của cấu trúc polymer PVC phụ thuộc mạnh vào liều chiếu xạ. Tại các đỉnh cực đại nhiễu xạ của các góc 17.670 và 26.170, số đếm tại vùng đỉnh suy giảm mạnh ở liều chiếu thấp tại 0.5 kGy và 1 kGy. Trong vùng này, sự thay đổi cấu trúc theo liều chiếu có dạng hàm tuyến tính bậc nhất. Trong vùng liều chiếu lớn hơn (từ 1 kGy đến 10 kGy), ảnh hưởng lên sự thay đổi cấu trúc PVC giảm dần. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, việc ứng dụng bức xạ trong phá hủy PVC có thể được ứng dụng để giảm thời gian phân hủy và ứng dụng trong xử lí rác thải ra môi trường.

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