Vấn đề già hóa dân số ở Việt Nam và bài học kinh nghiệm ứng phó với già hóa dân số tại một số quốc gia

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Tác giả: Hoà Kim Thái Nguyễn, Thanh Huyền Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại: 363.9 Population problems

Thông tin xuất bản: Phát triển Khoa học & Công nghệ: Khoa học - Kinh tế - Luật và Khoa học Quản lý (ĐHQG TP. Hồ Chí Minh), 2022

Mô tả vật lý: 2297-2309

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 498917

Thêm vào giỏ

Dân số là yếu tố quan trọng hàng đầu của sự nghiệp xây dựng và bảo vệ Tổ quốc. Công tác dân số là nhiệm vụ chiến lược, là sự nghiệp cấp thiết và lâu dài của toàn Đảng, toàn dân. Trong đó, xác định hiện trạng già hoá dân số là nội dung quan trọng cần được nghiên cứu đầy đủ, từ đó có những quyết sách, giải pháp phù hợp và kịp thời nhằm ứng phó với vấn đề già hoá dân số, cũng như các giải pháp hữu hiệu để giải quyết tốt vấn đề này. Trong phạm vi bài viết, nhóm tác giả sẽ hệ thống hoá một số khái niệm và các chỉ số đo lường già hóa dân số đang được sử dụng phổ biến hiện nay trên thế giới. Bài viết sử dụng phương pháp nghiên cứu định tính để làm rõ nội dung nghiên cứu, cụ thể: bài viết sử dụng các chỉ số đo lường già hoá dân số phổ biến hiện nay để phân tích thực trạng vấn đề già hoá dân số ở Việt Nam, cộng thêm nghiên cứu kinh nghiệm một số quốc gia về ứng phó với già hóa dân số để rút ra bài học cho Việt Nam. Kết quả nghiên cứu vấn đề già hoá dân số ở Việt Nam cho thấy: (i) tính theo ``Tỷ lệ người trong độ tuổi nghỉ hưu'', Việt Nam đã vượt ngưỡng già hoá dân số từ năm 2019
(ii) tính theo ``Tỷ số phụ thuộc người cao tuổi'', tỷ lệ dân số từ 65 tuổi trở lên so với dân số trong độ tuổi lao động ở năm 2009 và 2019 đều chưa chạm ngưỡng báo động dân số già
(iii) tính theo ``Chỉ số già hóa'', Việt Nam vẫn đang trong thời kỳ ``cơ cấu dân số vàng''. Tuy vậy, kết quả dự báo dân số cũng cho thấy ``Tỷ lệ người trong độ tuổi nghỉ hưu'' của Việt Nam ngày càng tăng cao, đến năm 2049 đạt tới 18% và đã vượt ngưỡng ``đã già hoá'' từ năm 2039
``Tỷ số phụ thuộc người cao tuổi'' cũng cho thấy Việt Nam vượt mức già hoá (22%) từ năm 2039
``Chỉ số già hóa'' cũng cho thấy dân số Việt Nam vượt ngưỡng già hoá kể từ năm 2049.Population is one of the most important factors in the cause of national construction and defense. Population work is a strategic task, an urgent and long-term cause of the entire Party and people. In particular, determining the current state of population aging is an important matter that needs fully studying. Thereby, making appropriate and timely decisions to cope with population aging, as well as effective solutions to this problem. Within the scope article, authors will systematize some definitions and indicators of population aging that are widely used in the world today. The article uses qualitative research methods to clarify the research content, specifically: the article uses the current popular population aging measurement indicators to analyze the current situation of population aging in Vietnam and study the experiences in dealing with population aging of some countries to draw lessons for Vietnam. Findings population aging problem in Vietnam showed that: (i) according to "The percentage of people in the retirement age," Vietnam has exceeded population aging from 2019
(ii) according to the "Elderly dependency ratio'', the proportion of the population aged 65 and over compared to the working age population in 2009 and 2019 has not reached the alarming threshold of the aging population
(iii) according to the "Aging Index'', Vietnam is still in the period of "golden population structure''. However, results of population projections also show "The percentage of people in retirement age" of Vietnam is on the rise, to 2049 reached 18% and exceeded "was aging" from 2039
"Dependency ratio Elderly" shows that Vietnam also exceeded aging (22%) from 2039
"Aging index" also showed that Vietnam's population aging exceeded since 2049.

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