Đặc điểm dịch tễ học lâm sàng và biến chứng của bệnh sởi tại Bệnh viện Trẻ em Hải Phòng năm 2019

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Tác giả: Thị Thu Hiền Đào, Ngọc Sáng Nguyễn, Thị Ánh Hồng Vũ

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại: 616.915 *Measles

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Y học Việt Nam (Tổng hội Y học Việt Nam), 2022

Mô tả vật lý: 45361

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 499188

Thêm vào giỏ

Mô tả đặc điểm dịch tễ học lâm sàng và biến chứng của bệnh sởi tại bệnh viện trẻ em Hải Phòng năm 2019. Phương pháp: Mô tả một loạt ca bệnh. Đối tượng: 391 bệnh nhi được chẩn đoán sởi điều trị tại bệnh viện Trẻ em Hải Phòng từ 01/01/2019 đến 31/12/2019. Kết quả: Nhóm bệnh nhi dưới 1 tuổi chiếm tỉ lệ cao nhất (43,73%). Tỉ lệ nam/nữ: 220/171. Số lượng bệnh nhân nhiều nhất vào các tháng 4,5,6. Số bệnh nhân chưa tiêm phòng vắc xin sởi (69,82%). Nhiệt độ trung bình là 39,09±0,54ºC. 67 (17,14%) bệnh nhân có dấu hiệu Koplik. 391/391 bệnh nhân có sốt và phát ban, 91,3% có ho, 71,36% viêm kết mạc, 66,8% viêm họng. 293 (74,93%) có số lượng bạch cầu bình thường, 69 (17,65%) tăng bạch cầu, 29 (7,42%) giảm bạch cầu. 237 (60,61%) có biến chứng hô hấp, 54 (13,8%) viêm tai giữa, 104 (26,6%) tiêu chảy. Trẻ không tiêm phòng vắc xin sởi có nguy cơ mắc biến chứng cao gấp 2,76 lần trẻ đã tiêm phòng. Kết luận: Số bệnh nhi nam cao hơn nữ, bệnh xảy ra nhiều vào tháng 4, tháng 5, tháng 6. Phần lớn bệnh nhân chưa tiêm phòng vắc xin. Sốt, phát ban, ho là các triệu chứng thường gặp nhất. Không tiêm phòng vắc xin sởi làm tăng nguy cơ mắc các biến chứng.To describe the clinical epidemiology characteristics and complications of patients with measles at Haiphong Children's Hospital in 2019. Method: Case series study. Subject: 391 pediatric patients were diagnosed with measles in Haiphong Children's Hospital from January 1st 2019 to December 31st 2019. Results: Children in the age of group under 1 year old had the highest proportion (43.73%). Male/female ratio was 220/171. Number of patients was highest in April, May, June. 69.82% of patients were not vaccinated against measles. Average temperature was 39.09 ± 0.85 °C. 324 (82.86%) patients had Koplik spot. 391/391 patients had fever and rash 91.3% cough, conjuntivitis 71.36%, pharyngitis 66.80%. 293 (74.93%) had normal leukocyte count, lymphopenia 69 (17.65%). 237 ( 60.61%) patients had respiratory complication, media otitis 54 (13,8%), diarrhea 104 (26.6%). Non-vaccinationed patients had 2.76 times higher risk of having complications than that of vaccinated patients. Conclusions: Disease affected more males than females. The disease mainly occurred in April, May and June. Fever, rash, cough were common symptom. Disease occurs more often in April, May, June. The majority of children with measles did not receive vaccination. Fever, rash and cough were the most common symptoms. Not getting a measles vaccine increases the risk of complications.

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