Đánh giá một số chỉ tiêu nông học và năng suất giống lúa OM18 ở 2 mật độ cấy khi sử dụng máy cấy lúa Yanmar tại huyện Vị Thủy, tỉnh Hậu Giang

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Tác giả: Văn Hữu Bùi, Quang Hiếu Ngô, Vũ Khương Duy Phạm, Thị Ái Liên Quan, Bá Linh Trần, Phạm Trúc Quỳnh Trần

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại: 338.16 Production efficiency

Thông tin xuất bản: Nông nghiệp & Phát triển nông thôn, 2022

Mô tả vật lý: 45361

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 499717

Thêm vào giỏ

Rice production in the Mekong delta is now gradually mechanizing due to the decreasing labor force. However, mechanization is mainly applied in the tillage and harvesting stages, so the use of machines in the stages of transplanting and fertilizing is very necessary. The study "Evaluation the growth and yield of OM18 rice variety at two densities by using Yanmar rice transplanters in Vi Thuy district, Hau Giang province" was carried out with the aim of evaluating the growth and yield of OM18 rice variety at two transplanting densities by using Yanmar rice transplanters for rice transplanting combined with fertilizing. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design with 2 rice transplanting densities of 30 x 12 cm and 25 x 14 cm with 3 replications in Vi Thuy district, Hau Giang province in the autumn-winter crop season 2020. The total experimental area was about 10 ha, each experimental plot was 1.65 ha. The agronomic parameters of rice were evaluated including plant height, number of shoots, panicle length, number of panicles, number of full grain per panicle, percentage of full grain, 1000 grain weight, rice yield and financial efficiency. Research results show that the Yanmar rice transplanter at transplanting density 25 x 14 cm gave rice yield components (number of tillering/m2, number of panicles/m2), rice yield and the profit margin was higher and significantly statistical different compared to the transplanting density 30 x 12 cm. The economic efficiency when using the Yanmar rice transplanter at the planting density of 25 x 14 cm was always higher than that ofthe farmers' traditional hand-transplanting or hand-sowing systems.Sản xuất lúa ở đồng bằng sông Cửu Long đang từng bước được cơ giới hóa do lực lượng lao động ngày càng ít. Tuy nhiên, cơ giới hóa chỉ được áp dụng ở khâu làm đất và thu hoạch là chủ yếu, vì vậy việc sử dụng máy móc vào các khâu cấy lúa và bón phân là rất cần thiết. Nghiên cứu "Đánh giá một số chỉ tiêu nông học và năng suất giống lúa OM18 ở 2 mật độ cấy khi sử dụng máy cấy lúa Yanmar tại huyện Vị Thủy, tỉnh Hậu Giang" được thực hiện nhằm mục tiêu đánh giá sinh trưởng và năng suất giống lúa OM18 ở 2 mật độ cấy khi sử dụng máy cấy lúa Yanmar. Thí nghiệm được bố trí theo thể thức khối hoàn toàn ngẫu nhiên với 2 nghiệm thức là 2 mật độ cấy 30 x 12 cm và 25 x 14 cm với 3 lần lặp lại tại huyện Vị Thủy, tỉnh Hậu Giang vào vụ thu đông năm 2020. Tổng diện tích thí nghiêm khoảng 10 ha với mỗi lô thí nghiệm có diện tích 1,65 ha. Các chỉ tiêu nông học của lúa được đánh giá gồm: chiều cao cây, số chồi, chiều dài bông, số bông, số hạt chắc/bông, tỷ lệ hạt chắc, khối lượng 1.000 hạt, năng suất và hiệu quả tài chính. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, các chỉ tiêu thành phần năng suất lúa (số chồi/m2, số bông/m2), năng suất lúa và hiệu quả kinh tế của mật độ cấy 25 x 14 cm cao hơn và khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê so với mật độ cấy 30 x 12 cm. Hiệu quả kinh tế khi sử dụng máy cấy Yanmar ở mật độ cấy 25 x 14 cm luôn cao hơn so với các mô hình cấy tay hoặc sạ tay truyền thống của nông dân.

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