Đánh giá đa dạng di truyền của hai dòng gà Đông Tảo và hai dòng gà Móng cùng với một số giống gà nội khác

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Tác giả: Văn Dũng Đặng, Trí Tuấn Dương, Thị Kim Cúc Ngô, Thị Thu Hiền Ngô, Khánh Vân Nguyễn, Văn Ba Nguyễn, thị Phương Mai Phạm, Văn Sơn Phạm

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại: 641.665 Food and drink

Thông tin xuất bản: Khoa học công nghệ Chăn nuôi, 2022

Mô tả vật lý: 40-47

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 500776

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Nghiên cứu nhằm đánh giá đa dạng di truyền và khoảng cách di truyền của 2 dòng gà Đông Tảo và 2 dòng gà Móng cùng với một số giống gà nội khác sử dụng 20 chỉ thị Microsatellites. Tổng số 120 mẫu (30 mẫu/dòng) đã được thu thập. Gà Đông Tảo được thu thập tại Công ty TNHH gà Đông Tảo Thái Thủy, xã Đông Tảo, huyện Khoái Châu, tỉnh Hưng Yên. Gà Móng được lấy mẫu từ Công ty trách nhiệm hữu hạn sản xuất và thương mại Tuyết Thắm. Các giống gà khác: Mía, Ri, Tai Đỏ, Kiến, Lông Xù được sử dụng làm các giống tham chiếu so sánh qua cơ sở dữ liệu lưu trữ tại Phòng Thí nghiệm Trọng Điểm Công nghệ tế bào động vật. Quy trình thí nghiệm được tiến hành theo nghiên cứu của Ngô Thị Kim Cúc và Nguyễn Văn Ba (2019). Kết quả chi ra rằng 2 dòng gà Đông Tảo có tính đa dạng di truyền thấp với tần số dị hợp tử là từ 0,54 - 0,55 trong khi 2 dòng gà Móng có tính đa dạng di truyền bình thường với tần số dị hợp tử là 0,60. Hệ số cận huyết của 4 dòng này là rất thấp. Các dòng này có cấu trúc di truyền thuần tương tự nhau và khoảng các di truyền giữa 04 dòng gà là nhỏ. Khoảng cách di truyền của các dòng gà Đông Tảo và gà Móng khá xa so với các giống gà Kiến, Lông Xù và gà Tai Đỏ và có phân bố cùng một nhóm trong cây phát sinh chủng loài và cùng thuộc một nhóm cấu trúc di truyền. Sự khác biệt về di truyền phụ thuộc vào khoảng cách địa lý.The objective of this study is to assess genetic diversity within and between Dong Tao and Mong chicken lines as well as other Vietnamese chicken breeds using 20 Microsatellite markers. A total of 120 samples of 02 Dong Tao and 02 Mong chicken line collected (30 sample/line). The result indicated that genetic diversity of 02 Dong Tao chicken was at low level with the expected heterozygosuty from 0.54 to 0.55 while genetic diversity of 02 Mong chicken lines was at average level with the expected heterozygosuty of 0.60. Inbreeding coefficient of 4 chicken lines is very low. This 4 chicken lines represent the similar genetic structure and the genetic distance between them was low. The low genetic distance was found between 2 Dong Tao and 2 Mong chicken lines. The high genetic distance was found between these 4 chicken lines and Kien, Long Xu and Tai Đo chicken (Red Jungle Fowl). These 2 Dong Tao and 2 Mong chicken lines was divided into one group and differed from other breeds. Sub-structuring of the Vietnamese chicken breeds was related to their distant geographical distribution.

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