Hiện trạng sử dụng thuốc bảo vệ thực vật trên mô hình canh tác lúa ba vụ và tác động tới môi trường tại huyện Châu Thành, tỉnh An Giang

0 Người đánh giá. Xếp hạng trung bình 0

Tác giả: Minh Luân Huỳnh, Thanh Giao Nguyễn, Thị Hằng Phùng, Hoàng Đan Trương

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại: 338.16 Production efficiency

Thông tin xuất bản: Khoa học (Đại học Hạ Long), 2022

Mô tả vật lý: 89-98

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 500822

Thêm vào giỏ

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá thực trạng sử dụng và quản lý thuốc bảo vệ thực vật của nông dân trong canh tác lúa ba vụ tại huyện Châu Thành, tỉnh An Giang. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy việc sử dụng thuốc BVTV có xu hướng tăng theo thời gian. Tần suất phun xịt thuốc tại vụ Đông - Xuân, Hè - Thu và Thu - Đông tương đối cao, lần lượt là 7,5 lần/vụ, 9 lần/vụ và 8,5 lần/vụ với liều lượng phun xịt cao hơn khuyến cáo khoảng 1,5 lần. Trong quá trình canh tác, nông dân sử dụng tổng cộng 115 loại thuốc bảo vệ thực vật tên thương phẩm với 75 loại hoạt chất và có 7 loại thuốc đã cấm sử dụng. Một số hoạt chất hiện diện trong canh tác có tác động tiềm ẩn lớn với môi trường và con người như Difenoconazole, Abamectin, Pretilachlor, Propanil và Butachlor. Các giải pháp đưa ra bao gồm: tổ chức các lớp tập huấn
tăng cường công tác thanh tra kiểm tra nhằm quản lý hiệu quả thuốc bảo vệ thực vật
đồng thời, cần xây dựng mạng lưới thu gom, xử lý bao bì, chai lọ thuốc bảo vệ thực vật theo đúng quy định của pháp luật.The study was conducted to assess the current status of farmers' use and management of pesticides in triple-crop rice cultivation in Chau Thanh district, An Giang province. The findings showed that the use of pesticides tends to increase over time. The frequency of spraying in the Winter - Spring, Summer - Autumn, and Autumn - Winter crops is relatively high, 7.5 times/crop, 9 times/crop, and 8.5 times/crop, respectively, with the spray dosage 1.5 times higher than recommended. During the process of farming, farmers used a total of 115 pesticides with trade names with 75 types of active ingredients and 7 banned drugs. Some of the active ingredients present in farming have great potential to impact the environment and humans, such as Difenoconazole, Abamectin, Pretilachlor, Propanil, and Butachlor. Proposed solutions include organizing training courses and enhancing inspection for effective management of pesticides. At the same time, it is necessary to build a network of collection and treatment of pesticide packaging and bottles in accordance with the law.

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