The paper conducted survey on the vascular plants in Ngoc Linh Nature Reserve, Kon Turn province, and identified 1142 species belonging to 635 genera and 178 families. Plants of Magnoliophyta class are the most diverse, representing 90.98 percent, 90.39 percent and 82.59 percent of all species, genera and families, respectively. The proportion of species, genera and families between Magnoliopsida and Liliopsida class is 3.74, 3.82 and 6 respectively. The ten most diverse families represent 5.62 percent, 30.55 percent, and 34.53 percent of all families, genera and family respectively. The ten most diverse genera account for 5.56 percent of all species. In addition, the Sorensen index in Ngoc Linh was only 0.37, which was lower than that of Chu Yang Sin National Park. From 1142 species surveyed in Ngoc Linh Nature Reverse, the authors are able to identify 82 species that have conservation value and 709 species, of 13 different groups, which have high economic value. Among these, plants used for medicinal purposes account for 38.74 percent while timber species make up 21.63 percent, and food plants constitute 14.37 percent.