The graft polymerization of lauryl methacrylate (LMA) onto bamboo fiber (BF) was investigated by using 2,2azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator. The grafting was influenced by AIBN concentration, monomer concentration, the reaction time and reaction temperature. On the basis of a detailed investigation of these factors, the optimal conditions for the grafting of LMA onto BF with the said initiator were as follows: [AIBN] = 0.004 moVl, [LMA] = 1.0 mol/l, reaction time 180 min, reaction temperature 75°C. Characterization of the bamboo fiber-graftlauryl methacrylate was done by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffiaction (XRD).