Method: used descriptive, prospective study method to research extracranial carotid artery atherosclerosis by doppler ultrasound in 203 cerebral ischemic patients that consists of 121 diabetes patients and 82 patients without diabetes, treated in Thanh Nhan hospital from 1/2011 to 10/2013 Objective: Describe extracranial carotid artery atherosclerosis by Doppler ultrasound in cerebral ischemic patients with diabetes and without diabetes. Define some factors which related extracranial carotid artery atherosclerosis. Conclude: The percentage of atherosclerosis was higher in cerebral ischemic group with diabetes (71.9 percent) but the thickness and number of atherosclerotic location no difference, most popular positions were common carotid artery. The percentage of stenosis was higher in the cerebral ischemic group with diabetes (75.2 percent), majority of patients was below 50 percent stenosis and no differences about grade of stenosis between the 2 groups. The percentage of atherosclerosis was higher in the over 70 year old patients. History of hypertension associated with atherosclerotic extent. There was no association between dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic ratio.