The real situation of using scientific names and referencing references of several publications but the synonym fish names was negatively impacted on name. definition of fishes and classification as well as other scientific problems. Therefore, the paper aims to provide scientific names of the grouper in the Vietnamese sea completely and exactly. The Grouper (Serranidae) is one high economic value family. By increasing demand of fresh-seafood export as well as the appearance of live-fish market, fishing and exploitation is developed strongly
and aquaculture has great potentiality. The paper reviewed from 25 publication in the period of 1978-2009 about the species composition of family Serranidae in several systems of the Vietnamese sea. The results were recorded 97 species belonging to 23 genera of family Serranidae. However, after contributed a revision and updated 56 species names, the confirmed species composition of family Serranidae was 72 species belonging to 15 genera. These results played em important role for studying on biodiversity and conservation of marine fish.