The rbcL chloroplast DNA region has been introduced as a one of best DNA marker for the study on classification and genetic relationships of species and sub-species level. Nine Dipterocarp species in Vietnam including Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Roxb., Dipterocarpus intricatus Dyer, Dipterocarpus costatus C.F.Gaertn., Dipterocarpus dyeri Pierre, Parashorea chinensis Wang Hsie, Hopea odorata Roxb., Hopea mollissima C.Y.Wu, Hopea hainanensis Merr. et Chun, and Hopea hongayensis Tardieu (Synonym Hopea chinensis Hand.-Mazz.) were analysed based on rbcL characteristic sequence. A DNA region of chloroplast rbcL gene with 1376bp in length was sequenced using two pair of specific primers. Total 54 different nucleotide positions with 42 parsimony informative positions were found. The average of genetic distance within Hopea and Dipterocarpus genus are 0,33 percent and 0,55 percent, respectively. The average of genetic distance between Hopea, Dipterocarpus and Parashorea genus is 1,9 percent. the result showed Hopea and Parashorea are two difference clades but they have more close relationship than Dipterocarpus genus. The rbcL sequences d nine Dipterocarp species in Vietnam were submitted on the Genbank with accession numbers are KM267143, KM267 144, KM267 145, KM267 146, KM267 147, KM267148, KM267150, KM267151, KM267152 for Parashorea chinensis Wang Hsie, Hopea odorata Roxb., Hopea mollissima C.Y.Wu, Hopea hongayensis Tardieu, Hopea hainanensis Merr et Chun, Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Roxb., Dipterocarpus intricatus Dyer, Dipterocarpus dyeri Pierre, Dipterocarpus costatus C.F.Gaertn., respectively.