Objectives: To identify the rate, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of ischemic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation. Subjects and methods: 2318 patients who had ischemic stroke for the first time and being treated in Stroke Center - Central Military Hospital 108. Results: The proportion of acute cerebral ischemic stroke patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation accounted for 6 percent of the sample, and increased steeply with age. 64.2 percent of patients with cerebral infarction accompanied with atrial fibrillation aged over 70. Common problems in cerebral infarction patients with atrial fibrillation are infarction of large arteries (of the anterior cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery), causing more severe clinical symptoms than those without atrial fibrillation. Notably, in comparison to ones with only cerebral infarction, patients with both cerebral infarction and atrial fibrillation demonstrated higher hemorrhagic conversion rate (14.2 percent versus 3 percent), longer hospital stay (22 +/- 10.3 days compared with 16 +/- 8.7 days), and more severe complication (56.4 percent with atrial fibrillation versus 28 percent with sinus rhythm). Atrial fibrillation is a high risk factor for disability in cerebral infarction patients with the OR of 4.4.