Hiện trạng nuôi tôm hùm lồng bè tập trung và chất lượng môi trường tại vịnh Xuân Đài, tỉnh Phú Yên

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Tác giả: Thị Mỹ Hương Hoàng, Quang Hiệp Lê, Phú Hòa Nguyễn, Thất Khoa Tôn, Thị Kim Nhung Trần

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại: 639.4 Mollusk fisheries and culture

Thông tin xuất bản: Khoa học & Công nghệ Việt Nam, 2018

Mô tả vật lý: 53-58

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 535405

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Hiện trạng nuôi tôm hùm lồng bè được tiến hành điều tra dựa trên phiếu khảo sát có sự tham gia của cộng đồng (PRA) tại vịnh Xuân Đài, tỉnh Phú Yên. Kết quả điều tra cho thấy, nghề nuôi tôm hùm có 3 hình thức: nuôi trong lồng treo, lồng chìm và kết hợp cả hai hình thức. Kinh nghiệm nuôi của người dân từ 10-20 năm chiếm 54%. Số lồng nuôi đang ngày một tăng lên đáng kể. Người dân sử dụng thức ăn tươi hoàn toàn (như cá tạp, ghẹ) để cho tôm hùm ăn. Phần lớn thức ăn thừa không được thu gom đưa lên bờ. Tiến hành khảo sát, đo đạc chất lượng nước nuôi tôm hùm tại địa điểm nghiên cứu trong 12 đợt khảo sát kéo dài 4 tháng, kết quả cho thấy chất lượng nước, đặc biệt ở tầng đáy, đang diễn ra ngày càng xấu hơn. Cụ thể là nhiệt độ, pH, độ mặn, DO hầu như ổn định trong thời gian khảo sát và nằm trong giới hạn cho phép, nhưng độ trong có sự biến động khá lớn từ đợt 1 đến đợt 8 so với các đợt thu mẫu khác. Nồng độ amoniac (NH3) hầu hết vượt tiêu chuẩn cho phép, đặc biệt là ở tầng đáy. Nồng độ nitrite (NO2-) có xu hướng tăng ở tầng đáy. Nồng độ nitrate (NO3-) hầu như ổn định. Giá trị nitơ tổng ở tầng đáy tương đối cao hơn các tầng còn lại, thấp nhất ở mức 0,1 mg/l và cao nhất là 0,2mg/l. Nồng độ PO43- hòa tan có sự dao động lớn tại tầng mặt, tầng giữa và tầng đáy, tầng cao nhất là đợt 4. Nồng độ phospho tổng giữa các tầng hầu hết đều vượt tiêu chuẩn cho phép và diễn biến theo chiều hướng xấu.The current status of lobster cage culture was conducted based on the participatory survey (PRA) in Xuan Dai Bay, Phu Yen Province. Survey results show that lobster farming has 3 forms: hanging cage culture, submerged cage and a combination of both. Farming experience of people from 10-20 years accounts for 54%. The number of cages is on the rise. People use complete fresh food (such as trash fish, crabs) to feed lobster. Most uneaten food is not collected on land. Conducting a survey and measurement of water quality for lobster farming at the study site in 12 surveys lasting 4 months, the results showed that water quality, especially at the bottom, is getting worse. Specifically, temperature, pH, salinity and DO were almost stable during the survey period and within the permitted limits, but the transparency was quite variable from phase 1 to phase 8 compared to the time of sampling. other. Ammonia concentration (NH3) almost exceeds the permitted standard, especially in the bottom layer. Nitrite (NO2-) concentration tends to increase at the bottom. Nitrate (NO3-) concentration is almost stable. The total nitrogen value in the bottom layer is relatively higher than the remaining layers, the lowest is at 0.1 mg / l and the highest is 0.2 mg / l. The concentration of PO43- soluble fluctuated greatly in surface layer, middle layer and bottom layer, the highest one was in stage 4. The total phosphorus concentration among the floors almost exceeded the permissible standards and evolved in a negative direction.

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