Objective: This study was to evaluate the results of thoracoscopic pleural abrasion for primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP). Methodsand results: From 09/2010 to 06/2013, 79 consecutive patients, 67 male and 12 female, aged 16 to 54 years (mean 28 +/- 9.8) uQderwent thoracoscopic pleural abrasion for PSP. The indications for surgery were as follows: a first episode with persistent air leak in 20 patients (25.3 percent), a recurrent pneumothorax in 59 patients (74.7 percent). Bullae or blebs were visible in 77 patients (97.5 percent). Mechanical pleural abrasion was performed in all cases. There were no deaths. Intraoperative hemorrhage occurred in one patient. It was controlled via thoracoscopy. The postoperative complication rate was 6.4 percent (5/79). Complications included prolonged air leak in four patients (5.1 percent), extra pleural hematoma in one (1.3 percent). Mean duration of drainage was 3.1 +/- 2.5 days (range
1-17). Postoperatively, 79 patients were contacted, with a mean follow-up of 31.7 +/- 13.9 months. One of them had a recurrence (1.3 percent) that did not require reoperation. Condusion: Thoracoscopic pleural abrasion associated with bullae resection is a safe and efficient treatment for PSP. Rate of recurrence in long temps is low.